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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 May 8.
Published in final edited form as: Hear Res. 2018 Nov 16;376:11–21. doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2018.11.002

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Factors involved in Ca2+ homeostasis in cochlear inner hair cells (IHCs) and outer hair cells (OHCs). Ca2+ enters via mechanotransducer (MET) channels in the stereocilia of both hair cell types, and also via voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (mainly IHCs) and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) in OHCs. Ca2+ is buffered by cytoplasmic calcium binding proteins and by fixed organelles, mitochondria and sub-synaptic cisternae. Ca2+ is extruded by a plasma membrane CaATPase pump, PMCA2 in the OHC and IHC stereocilia, and PMCA1 in the IHC soma.