Table 2.

Summary of risk of bias of included RCTs

Domains	Adequate sequence generation?	Allocation concealment?	Blinding?	Incomplete outcome data addressed?	Free of selective reporting?	Free of other bias?
A.Sculean et al. 1999a [56]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	Unclear
A.Sculean et al. 1999b [60]	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Unclear	No
N. Donos et al. 2004 [62]	Yes	Yes	Unclear	Yes	Unclear	No
A.Crea et al. 2008 [61]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	Yes
V. Iorio-Siciliano et al. 2011 [58]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	Yes
V. Iorio-Siciliano et al. 2014 [59]	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Unclear	No