Table 1.

Physician, hospital, and patient characteristics

	All	By physician entry year
		1994	1995‐1998	1999‐2002	2003‐2006	2007‐2010
Episiotomy rate	0.308	0.378	0.229	0.170	0.105	0.079
Spontaneous only	0.283	0.348	0.211	0.161	0.100	0.075
Operative only	0.694	0.749	0.551	0.435	0.328	0.308
Physician‐level Cesarean delivery rate	0.238	0.228	0.233	0.268	0.286	0.286
Hospital‐level episiotomy rate	0.269	0.316	0.228	0.174	0.111	0.087
Patient age	27.5	27.7	27.2	27.4	26.9	26.8
Patient asian	0.018	0.015	0.020	0.022	0.029	0.027
Patient black	0.133	0.116	0.144	0.147	0.219	0.233
Patient white	0.720	0.749	0.674	0.700	0.616	0.583
Patient other race	0.129	0.119	0.162	0.131	0.137	0.157
Patient uninsured	0.016	0.016	0.016	0.016	0.013	0.014
Patient Medicaid	0.312	0.274	0.347	0.362	0.465	0.497
Patient private	0.617	0.643	0.593	0.600	0.499	0.464
Patient other insurance	0.055	0.067	0.045	0.022	0.023	0.025
Patient prior Cesarean delivery	0.039	0.043	0.037	0.028	0.026	0.028
Macrosomia	0.016	0.018	0.015	0.013	0.011	0.011
Uterine scarring	0.0004	0.0003	0.0005	0.0003	0.0007	0.0004
Operative delivery	0.062	0.075	0.051	0.032	0.020	0.017
Metro county	0.898	0.894	0.921	0.874	0.915	0.912
Teaching hospital	0.314	0.300	0.284	0.358	0.384	0.525
N (1000s)	1658	1073	275	170	101	40

Note: The sample is restricted to vaginal deliveries.