Table 6.

Pre-clinical evidence of IFNG involvement in animal models of MDD

Pre-clinical evidence	Reference
IFNG−/− mice display decreased anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors as well as heightened emotionality.	[264–266]
IFNG−/− mice display increased serotonergic and noradrenergic metabolite accumulation.	[264, 265]
IFNG−/− mice display increased plasma corticosterone levels.	[264, 265]
IFNG−/− mice display decreased hippocampal neurogenesis.	[264, 265]
IFNG−/− mice display decreased levels of nerve growth factor in the prefrontal cortex.	[264, 265]
IFNG−/− mice have attenuated monoamine, corticoid, and cytokine alterations in response to stressors.	[264]