Fig. 3.

AMPAR palmitoylation and regulation of AMPARs by palmitoylation of synaptic proteins. Palmitoylation at Cys811 in the GluA1 C-terminus inhibits the interaction of GluA1 with 4.1N and triggers activity-dependent endocytosis of AMPARs. PSD-95 palmitoylations at Cys3 and Cys5 mediated by DHHC2, DHHC3, DHHC5, DHHC7, DHHC8, and DHHC15, stabilize PSD-95-AMPAR interaction via Stargazin. GRIP1b palmitoylation targets GRIP1b to recycling endosomes and enhances activity-dependent recycling of GluA2-containing AMPARs to the plasma membrane. AKAP79 palmitoylations at Cys36 and Cys129 mediated by DHHC2 are necessary for AKAP79 targeting to recycling endosomes and dendritic spines. PSD-95, postsynaptic density 95; GRIP1, glutamate receptor-interacting protein; AKAP79/150, A-kinase anchoring protein 79/150