Table 2.
Pathology and immunohistochemistry associated with bovine viral diarrhea infection in captive bighorn sheep.
| ID | DPV | Lesions | BVDV IHC distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 13* | Acute necrohemorrhagic typhlocolitis; ecchymotic-to-suffusive serosal hemorrhages of cecum and/or colon; acute multifocal hemorrhages of caudal thalamus and brainstem; endocardial hemorrhages; pulmonary edema; perivascular edema of brain. | Mucosal epithelial cells and submucosal fibroblasts associated with necrotizing typhlocolitis; rare cortical neurons of brain. |
| 2 | 16† | Hemorrhagic typhlocolitis; ecchymotic-to-suffusive serosal hemorrhages of cecum, colon, and rumen; autolysis prevented histopathology interpretation. | Not done. |
| 3 | 17† | Necroulcerative typhlocolitis with submucosal infiltrates of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and plasma cells; ecchymotic serosal hemorrhages of cecum and/or colon; endocardial hemorrhages; pulmonary edema; scattered pulmonary hemorrhages; minimal fibrinous alveolitis; perivascular edema of brain. | Scattered lymphocytes and macrophages in spleen. |
| 4 | 17† | Subacute necrohemorrhagic typhlocolitis with submucosal infiltrates of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and plasma cells, and crypt abscesses; necrohemorrhagic rumenitis; ecchymotic-to-suffusive serosal hemorrhages of cecum and/or colon; endocardial hemorrhages; mild lymphoplasmacytic portal hepatitis; perivascular edema of brain. | Scant staining of rumen epithelium associated with necrotizing rumenitis; scattered lymphocytes and macrophages in mesenteric lymph node. |
| 5 | 19† | Necroulcerative typhlocolitis; necrohemorrhagic rumenitis; lymphoid necrosis of GALT in cecum and/or colon; ecchymotic-to-suffusive serosal hemorrhages of cecum, colon, and rumen; endocardial hemorrhages; pulmonary edema; scattered pulmonary hemorrhages; mild fibrinous alveolitis and multifocal suppurative pneumonia; perivascular edema of brain. | Lymphocytes associated with necrosis of GALT. |
| 6 | 25† | Necroulcerative typhlocolitis; lymphoid necrosis of GALT and mesenteric lymph node; endocardial hemorrhages; pulmonary edema; mild fibrinous alveolitis; necrosuppurative hepatitis; mild portal lymphoplasmacytic hepatitis; perivascular edema of brain. | Lymphocytes associated with necrosis of GALT and mesenteric lymph node; scattered lymphocytes and macrophages in mesenteric lymph node and spleen; endothelial cells, smooth muscle, and fibroblasts of vasculature in all tissues examined; fibroblasts of gastrointestinal submucosa. |
BVDV = bovine viral diarrhea virus; DPV = days post-vaccination; GALT = gut-associated lymphoid tissue; IHC = immunohistochemistry.
*
Euthanized.
†
Died.