Figure 1.

Phylogenetic relationships among canine distemper virus (CDV) strains based on nucleotide sequences of the hemagglutinin (H) and phosphoprotein (P) genes. A. Phylogenetic tree containing the H gene nucleotide sequences from the Arctic foxes (cases 2, 3, 5–7) investigated in our study and the H gene sequences downloaded from GenBank. Phocine distemper virus was included as the outgroup. B. Phylogenetic relationships among the P gene sequences. Human parainfluenza virus 3 was included as the outgroup. The animal host of each CDV is indicated following the country of origin and the GenBank accessions (in parentheses). Analyses were conducted in MEGA7, and the neighbor-joining method was used to generate the tree. The percentage of replicate trees in which the associated taxa clustered together in the bootstrap test (1,000 replicates) is shown next to the branches.