Table 1.
Cohort characteristics, grouped by presence or absence of bronchiolocentric fibrosis, in the total cohort and in patients diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
| Total cohort (n=252) |
IPF cohort (n=215) |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| With BCF | Without BCF | P value | With BCF | Without BCF | P value | |||||
| Number, n(%) | 96 | 156 | 72 | 143 | ||||||
| Age in years, median (IQR) | 68.1 | (62.1, 72.6) | 67.7 | (62.5, 73.8) | 0.65 | 68.9 | (63.8, 73.6) | 67.5 | (62.6, 73.0) | 0.26 |
| Male, n (%) | 64 | (66.7) | 113 | (72.4) | 0.39 | 54 | (75.0) | 105 | (73.4) | 0.87 |
| Hispanic/Latino, n (%) | 35 | (36.5) | 33 | (21.2) | 0.01 | 13 | (18.1) | 21 | (14.7) | 0.56 |
| Race/ethnicity, n (%) | 0.61 | 0.71 | ||||||||
| White | 85 | (88.5) | 130 | (83.3) | 64 | (88.9) | 120 | (83.9) | ||
| Asian | 4 | (4.1) | 9 | (5.8) | 3 | (4.2) | 9 | (6.3) | ||
| Others | 7 | (7.3) | 17 | (10.9) | 5 | (6.9) | 14 | (9.8) | ||
| Ever-smoking, n (%) | 69 | (71.9) | 102 | (65.4) | 0.33 | 55 | (76.4) | 94 | (65.7) | 0.12 |
| Pack-year, median (IQR) | 20 | (9, 40) | 20 | (9, 40) | 0.79 | 20 | (9, 40) | 20 | (9.4, 40) | 0.99 |
| Family history, n (%) | 18 | (18.8) | 25 | (16.0) | 0.61 | 13 | (18.1) | 24 | (16.8) | 0.85 |
| Diagnosis, n (%) | <0.001 | |||||||||
| IPF | 72 | (75.0) | 143 | (91.7) | ||||||
| HP | 13 | (13.5) | 0 | (0.0) | ||||||
| Unclassifiable | 10 | (10.4) | 9 | (5.8) | ||||||
| Others | 1 | (1.0) | 4 | (2.6) | ||||||
| Asthma, n (%) | 14 | (14.7) | 27 | (17.3) | 0.73 | 10 | (14.1) | 24 | (16.8) | 0.69 |
| COPD, n (%) | 22 | (22.9) | 37 | (23.9) | 0.88 | 17 | (23.6) | 33 | (23.2) | 1.00 |
| CHF, n (%) | 6 | (6.2) | 13 | (8.4) | 0.63 | 5 | (6.9) | 10 | (7.0) | 1.00 |
| GERD, n (%) | 39 | (40.6) | 56 | (35.9) | 0.50 | 26 | (36.1) | 51 | (35.7) | 1.00 |
| Sleep apnea, n (%) | 19 | (19.8) | 34 | (21.8) | 0.75 | 13 | (18.1) | 31 | (21.7) | 0.59 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 17 | (17.7) | 28 | (17.9) | 1.00 | 13 | (18.1) | 24 | (16.8) | 0.85 |
| Any inhaled exposure, n (%) | 93 | (96.9) | 143 | (91.7) | 0.12 | 70 | (97.2) | 132 | (92.3) | 0.23 |
| Bird, n (%) | 46 | (47.9) | 80 | (51.3) | 0.70 | 31 | (43.1) | 74 | (51.7) | 0.25 |
| Organic, n (%) | 53 | (55.2) | 85 | (54.5) | 1.00 | 38 | (52.8) | 77 | (53.8) | 0.89 |
| Asbestos, n (%) | 16 | (16.7) | 12 | (7.7) | 0.04 | 12 | (16.7) | 8 | (5.6) | 0.01 |
| Dust, n (%) | 53 | (55.2) | 90 | (57.7) | 0.79 | 39 | (54.2) | 82 | (57.3) | 0.67 |
| Chemical, n (%) | 34 | (34.5) | 84 | (53.8) | 0.01 | 33 | (45.8) | 80 | (55.9) | 0.19 |
| Farmer, n (%) | 10 | (10.4) | 18 | (11.5) | 0.84 | 7 | (9.7) | 17 | (11.9) | 0.82 |
| Occupational organic, n (%) | 14 | (14.6) | 21 | (13.5) | 0.85 | 10 | (13.9) | 20 | (14.0) | 1.00 |
| %FVC, median (IQR) | 72 | (58, 82.5) | 66 | (57, 77) | 0.07 | 72 | (58.5, 84) | 66 | (57, 77.5) | 0.09 |
| %FEV1, median (IQR) | 80.5 | (67, 92.5) | 74.5 | (63, 85) | 0.046 | 81.5 | (67, 94) | 75 | (64, 85) | 0.048 |
| FEV1/FVC, median (IQR) | 83 | (80, 88) | 84 | (78, 87) | 0.39 | 82 | (80, 87) | 84 | (78, 87) | 0.74 |
| %TLC, median (IQR) | 70 | (56, 79) | 66 | (56, 74) | 0.056 | 70 | (56, 78) | 66 | (55, 74) | 0.13 |
| %DLCO, median (IQR) | 50 | (39, 62) | 48 | (38, 57) | 0.09 | 53 | (40, 62) | 47.5 | (38, 57) | 0.09 |
Abbreviation: IPF, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; BCF, bronchiolocentric fibrosis; IQR, interquartile range; HP, hypersensitivity pneumonitis; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; GERD, gastroesophageal reflux disease; FVC, forced vital capacity; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in one second; TLC, total lung capacity; DLCO, diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide