Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Age (years) | 68 ± 7 |
| M/F | 24/6 |
| Body weight (kg) | 66.4 ± 11.5 |
| BMI | 24.8 ± 3.7 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 125 ± 15 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 73 ± 11 |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.9 ± 1.2 |
| FPG (mg/dl) | 149 ± 32 |
| TG (mg/dl) | 162 ± 100 |
| HDLC (mg/dl) | 46 ± 15 |
| LDLC (mg/dl) | 104 ± 24 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 63.9 ± 20.1 |
| 1,5-AG (mg/ml) | 7.8 ± 4.2 |
| Log ACR (mg/gCr) | 1.34 ± 0.71 |
| Hypertension (Y/N) | 25/5 |
| Dyslipidemia (Y/N) | 25/5 |
| History of CVD (Y/N) | 16/14 |
| Statin (Y/N) | 16/14 |
| RAS inhibitor (Y/N) | 11/19 |
| Sulfonylurea (Y/N) | 12/18 |
| Biguanide (Y/N) | 20/10 |
| Α-glucosidase inhibitor (Y/N) | 10/20 |
| Insulin (Y/N) | 2/28 |
| Pioglitazone (Y/N) | 1/29 |
| Sodium glucose transporter 2 inhibitor | 0/30 |
Mean ± SD
BMI body mass index, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, HbA1c hemoglobin A1c, FPG fasting plasma glucose, TG triglyceride, HDLC high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDLC low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, 1,5-AG 1,5-anhydroglucitol, ACR albumin/creatinine ratio, CVD cardiovascular disease, RAS rennin–angiotensin system