Table 4.
Social Capital and Age Results.
| Model 4 |
Model 5 |
Model 6 |
Model 7 |
Model 8 |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OLS | Logit | Poisson | ZIP | Negative Binomial | ||||||
| Social capital index | -.241+ | .031 | -.257*** | -.342** | -.228*** | -.307 | -.203*** | -.284 | -.180** | -.315 |
| (.146) | (.201) | (.078) | (.120) | (.031) | (.605) | (.036) | (.599) | (.067) | (.629) | |
| Age (Ref: Under 64) | 4.763*** | 4.764*** | .157 | .161 | 5.862*** | 5.875*** | 6.097*** | 6.111*** | 5.966*** | 5.987*** |
| (.325) | (.324) | (.145) | (.145) | (.369) | (.386) | (.369) | (.386) | (.389) | (.406) | |
| Interaction term | ||||||||||
| Social capital index*Age | -.544* | .154 | .079 | .081 | .137 | |||||
| (.278) | (.151) | (.606) | (.600) | (.632) | ||||||
| Socioeconomic status index (Ref: Middle SES) | ||||||||||
| Lower SES | 1.079* | 1.079* | .291 | .291 | .350*** | .350*** | .367*** | .367*** | .385* | .386* |
| (.489) | (.489) | (.237) | (.237) | (.053) | (.053) | (.054) | (.054) | (.178) | (.178) | |
| Higher SES | -.254 | -.254 | -.651** | -.651** | -.080 | -.080 | -.006 | -.006 | -.309+ | -.309+ |
| (.453) | (.453) | (.205) | (.205) | (.058) | (.058) | (.060) | (.060) | (.164) | (.163) | |
| Population density (log) | .302* | .302* | .668*** | .668*** | .076*** | .076*** | -.003 | -.003 | .160** | .160** |
| (.145) | (.145) | (.077) | (.077) | (.017) | (.017) | (.018) | (.018) | (.055) | (.055) | |
| Proportion 65 years and older | -.066 | -.066 | .106 | .099 | -.169 | -.169 | -.317 | -.317 | .333 | .339 |
| (2.376) | (2.376) | (1.058) | (1.059) | (.285) | (.285) | (.330) | (.330) | (1.097) | (1.098) | |
| Proportion of women in the population | .480 | .480 | 2.424 | 2.456 | 1.227+ | 1.227+ | −1.599* | −1.599* | .228 | .224 |
| (6.087) | (6.087) | (2.638) | (2.642) | (.691) | (.691) | (.779) | (.779) | (2.333) | (2.332) | |
| Proportion of single-person househlds | 3.338+ | 3.338+ | 1.442+ | 1.449+ | 1.785*** | 1.785*** | 1.619*** | 1.619*** | 2.567*** | 2.564*** |
| (1.891) | (1.88) | (.814) | (.815) | (.230) | (.230) | (.259) | (.259) | (.739) | (.739) | |
| Residential stability | 3.633+ | 3.633+ | 1.889* | 1.896* | 1.758*** | 1.758*** | 1.471*** | 1.471*** | 2.309* | 2.305* |
| (2.176) | (2.173) | (.930) | (.931) | (.323) | (.313) | (.386) | (.386) | (.954) | (.955) | |
| Tsunami height (m) | .315*** | .315*** | .151*** | .151*** | .108*** | .108*** | .082*** | .082*** | .146*** | .146*** |
| (.040) | (.040) | (.020) | (.021) | (.004) | (.004) | (.004) | (.004) | (.017) | (.017) | |
| Area of the community (km2) | -.003 | -.003 | .088*** | .089*** | -.003* | -.003* | -.004** | -.004** | -.003 | -.003 |
| (.005) | (.005) | (.025) | (.025) | (.001) | (.001) | (.001) | (.001) | (.002) | (.002) | |
| Coast line length (km) | -.099* | -.099* | .112* | .011* | -.033*** | -.033*** | -.047*** | -.047*** | -.025 | -.025 |
| (.042) | (.042) | (.048) | (.048) | (.006) | (.006) | (.007) | (.007) | (.016) | (.016) | |
| Distance between sea and nearest mountain (km) | .851*** | .851*** | .345*** | .345*** | .293*** | .293*** | .238*** | .238*** | .404*** | .404*** |
| (.130) | (.130) | (.070) | (.070) | (.012) | (.012) | (.013) | (.013) | (.057) | (.057) | |
| Seawall height (m) | -.067 | -.067 | -.075** | -.075** | -.030*** | -.030*** | -.010 | -.010 | -.011 | -.011 |
| (.061) | (.061) | (.028) | (.028) | (.008) | (.008) | (.009) | (.009) | (.026) | (.026) | |
| Designated city dummy (Ref: No) | −4.116*** | −4.116*** | −1.375* | −1.376* | −1.412*** | −1.412*** | −1.196*** | −1.196*** | −2.072*** | −2.070*** |
| (1.154) | (1.153) | (.559) | (.559) | (.128) | (.128) | (.135) | (.135) | (.498) | (.498) | |
| Constant | −7.454* | −7.454* | −7.806*** | −7.831*** | −8.297*** | −8.310*** | −5.790*** | −5.804*** | −9.721*** | −9.737*** |
| (3.569) | (3.564) | (1.589) | (1.591) | (.588) | (.599) | (.644) | (.654) | (1.417) | (1.421) | |
| (3.569) | (3.564) | (1.589) | (1.591) | (.588) | (.599) | (.644) | (.654) | (1.417) | (1.421) | |
| Tsunami height (m) | -.091*** | -.091*** | ||||||||
| (.022) | (.022) | |||||||||
| Constant | −1.004*** | −1.004*** | ||||||||
| (.156) | (.156) | |||||||||
| Log α | .575 | .575 | ||||||||
| (.076) | (.076) | |||||||||
| 1.776 | 1.777 | |||||||||
| (.135) | (.135) | |||||||||
| R2/Pseudo R2 | .224 | .226 | .176 | .176 | .486 | .486 | .230 | .230 | ||
Notes: Numbers in parentheses are standard errors. N = 1084.
+ p < .10, *p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001.