Table 4.
Survivors Versus Nonsurvivors Among Those With TAAD (n=14 911)
| Variable | Survivors (n=11 998) | Nonsurvivors (n=2913) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 63 (52–72) | 68 (57–75) | <0.001 |
| Sex (male) | 7848 (65.4) | 1837 (63.1) | 0.0181 |
| Elixhauser Comorbidity Score | 9 (4–15) | 10 (5–17) | <0.001 |
| Case mix index | 7.2 (5.9–10.9) | 8.2 (6.6–12.2) | <0.001 |
| Length of hospital stay, d | 15 (11–24) | 3 (1–11) | <0.001 |
| Coded comorbidities | |||
| Chronic ischemic heart disease | 2463 (20.5) | 880 (30.2) | <0.001 |
| Chronic heart failure | 2229 (18.6) | 950 (32.6) | <0.001 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 2033 (16.9) | 656 (22.5) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 8208 (68.4) | 1531 (52.6) | <0.001 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 1108 (9.2) | 248 (8.5) | 0.239 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1138 (9.5) | 290 (10.0) | 0.460 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 2307 (19.2) | 564 (19.4) | 0.891 |
| Cancer | 116 (1.0) | 34 (1.2) | 0.385 |
| Obesity | 1570 (13.1) | 372 (12.8) | 0.673 |
| Marfan syndrome | 277 (2.3) | 34 (1.2) | <0.001 |
| Type of surgical treatment | |||
| Open repair | 11 331 (94.4) | 2723 (93.5) | 0.050 |
| Hybrid repair | 667 (5.6) | 190 (6.5) | |
| Perioperative management | |||
| Monitoring of evoked potentials | 129 (1.1) | 28 (1.0) | 0.660 |
| Spinal catheter use | 93 (0.8) | 15 (0.5) | 0.173 |
| Heart‐lung machine use | 7963 (66.4) | 1953 (67.0) | 0.503 |
| Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation use | 84 (0.7) | 349 (12.0) | <0.001 |
| Ventilation | 8452 (70.4) | 2002 (68.7) | 0.073 |
| Duration of ventilation, h | 79 (32–228) | 95 (39–265) | <0.001 |
| pRBC transfusion | |||
| 1–5 pRBCs | 4144 (34.5) | 453 (15.6) | <0.001 |
| >5 pRBCs | 6375 (53.1) | 2181 (74.9) | |
| No pRBC transfusion | 1479 (12.3) | 279 (9.6) | |
| PC transfusion | |||
| 1–5 PCs | 7742 (64.5) | 1399 (48.0) | <0.001 |
| >5 PCs | 1445 (12.0) | 734 (25.2) | |
| No PC transfusion | 2811 (23.4) | 780 (26.8) | |
| Cell‐saver auto (re‐)transfusion | 2769 (23.1) | 635 (21.8) | 0.147 |
| Cardiopulmonary resuscitation | 670 (5.6) | 921 (31.6) | <0.001 |
| Coded perioperative complications | |||
| Acute/recurrent myocardial infarction | 290 (2.4) | 251 (8.6) | <0.001 |
| Acute paraplegia/spinal infarction | 88 (0.7) | 4 (0.1) | <0.001 |
| Acute limb ischemia | 259 (2.2) | 109 (3.7) | <0.001 |
| Major limb amputation | 12 (0.1) | 5 (0.2) | 0.471 |
| Acute mesenteric infarction | 119 (1.0) | 202 (6.9) | <0.001 |
| Acute renal artery infarction | 107 (0.9) | 53 (1.8) | <0.001 |
| Dialysis, hemofiltration | 2366 (19.7) | 1298 (44.6) | <0.001 |
| Bowel resection | 72 (0.6) | 74 (2.5) | <0.001 |
Data are given as number (percentage) or median (first‐third quartile). PC indicates platelet concentrate; pRBC, packed red blood cell; TAAD, type A aortic dissection.