Table 1.

Clinical Features of CS as Defined in Contemporary Trials and Guidelines

Clinical Trial/Guideline	CS Criteria
SHOCK Trial (1999)3	SBP <90 mm Hg for >30 min or vasopressor support to maintain SBP >90 mm Hg Evidence of end‐organ damage (UO <30 mL/h or cool extremities) Hemodynamic criteria: CI <2.2 and PCWP >15 mm Hg
IABP‐SOAP II (2012)4	MAP <70 mm Hg or SBP <100 mm Hg despite adequate fluid resuscitation (at least 1 L of crystalloids or 500 mL of colloids) Evidence of end‐organ damage (AMS, mottled skin, UO <0.5 mL/kg for 1 h, or serum lactate >2 mmol/L)
EHS‐PCI (2012)5	SBP <90 mm Hg for 30 min or inotropes use to maintain SBP >90 mm Hg Evidence of end‐organ damage and increased filling pressures
ESC‐HF Guidelines (2016)6	SBP <90 mm Hg with appropriate fluid resuscitation with clinical and laboratory evidence of end‐organ damage Clinical: cold extremities, oliguria, AMS, narrow pulse pressure. Laboratory: metabolic acidosis, elevated serum lactate, elevated serum creatinine
KAMIR‐NIH (2018)7	SBP <90 mm Hg for >30 min or supportive intervention to maintain SBP >90 mm Hg Evidence of end‐organ damage (AMS, UO <30 mL/h, or cool extremities)

AMS indicates altered mental status; CI, cardiac index; EHS PCI, Euro Heart Survey Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Registry; ESC HF, European Society of Cardiology Heart Failure; IABP‐SOAP II, intra‐aortic balloon pump in cardiogenic shock II; KAMIR‐NIH, Korean Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry‐National Institutes of Health; MAP, mean arterial pressure; PCWP, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SHOCK, Should We Emergently Revascularize Occluded Coronaries for Cardiogenic Shock; UO, urine output.