Table 1.
Patient and Hospital Characteristics, by Follow‐up Status (n=11 955)a
| Complete Follow‐up (n=10 439) | Incomplete Follow‐up (n=1160) | No Follow‐up (n=356) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic characteristics | ||||
| Age, y | ||||
| <55 | 30.9 | 47.3 | 44.1 | <0.001 |
| 55 to 64 | 33.6 | 33.2 | 30.9 | |
| 65 to 74 | 22.8 | 12.7 | 17.4 | |
| ≥75 | 12.6 | 6.8 | 7.6 | |
| Women | 27.8 | 29.5 | 25.6 | 0.30 |
| White | 89.0 | 83.4 | 89.0 | <0.001 |
| Hispanic | 3.1 | 4.9 | 4.5 | 0.003 |
| ≥High school education | 88.8 | 85.1 | 89.0 | 0.001 |
| Employed | 50.0 | 52.8 | 52.0 | 0.10 |
| Health insurance | ||||
| Private | 66.0 | 53.9 | 58.7 | <0.001 |
| Government | 20.4 | 23.0 | 17.4 | |
| None | 13.6 | 23.1 | 23.9 | |
| Comorbid illness | ||||
| Dyslipidemia | 66.6 | 61.7 | 58.1 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 67.6 | 67.1 | 59.6 | 0.006 |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 6.5 | 6.2 | 5.3 | 0.67 |
| Prior stroke/TIA | 5.4 | 5.9 | 3.9 | 0.33 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 26.1 | 30.0 | 26.4 | 0.017 |
| Chronic lung disease | 9.8 | 10.7 | 8.2 | 0.34 |
| Smoker (within the past year) | 36.2 | 54.1 | 49.2 | <0.001 |
| GI/GU bleeding in the past 6 mo | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.7 | 0.52 |
| Creatinine | ||||
| <30 mg/dL | 3.9 | 3.8 | 2.0 | <0.001 |
| 30 to 44 mg/dL | 9.2 | 6.4 | 6.7 | |
| 45 to 59 mg/dL | 17.2 | 13.3 | 14.9 | |
| ≥60 mg/dL | 69.7 | 76.6 | 76.4 | |
| Severity of cardiac disease/presentation acuity | ||||
| Atrial fibrillation | 4.8 | 3.9 | 3.4 | 0.17 |
| Prior MI | 19.5 | 19.0 | 21.6 | 0.54 |
| Prior CABG | 9.5 | 8.0 | 9.0 | 0.28 |
| Prior PCI | 21.5 | 21.7 | 23.0 | 0.79 |
| HF | ||||
| Signs within 2 wks before admission | 6.6 | 7.2 | 6.2 | 0.90 |
| History without signs within 2 wks of admission | 3.4 | 3.2 | 3.4 | |
| EF <40% | 12.6 | 12.9 | 15.5 | 0.28 |
| Left main disease | 2.9 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 0.62 |
| No. of diseased vessels | ||||
| ≤1 | 50.5 | 54.5 | 56.5 | 0.01 |
| 2 | 31.9 | 28.6 | 26.1 | |
| ≥3 | 17.6 | 16.9 | 17.4 | |
| Lesion length (sum, mm) | ||||
| <15 | 20.1 | 19.3 | 19.9 | 0.94 |
| 15 to 22 | 29.1 | 29.1 | 27.5 | |
| 23 to 30 | 25.5 | 25.0 | 27.3 | |
| ≥31 | 25.4 | 26.6 | 25.3 | |
| Bifurcated culprit lesion | 11.2 | 10.7 | 11.8 | 0.81 |
| Culprit lesion in graft | 4.6 | 4.1 | 3.4 | 0.47 |
| STEMI on presentation | 51.6 | 52.9 | 50.3 | 0.61 |
| Cardiac arrest on presentation | 3.0 | 2.8 | 1.4 | 0.20 |
| Cardiogenic shock on presentation | 2.1 | 2.5 | 0.6 | 0.08 |
| Heart rate on presentation, beats per min | ||||
| <60 | 13.1 | 11.8 | 10.1 | 0.03 |
| 60 to 100 | 74.8 | 73.3 | 75.8 | |
| >100 | 12.1 | 14.9 | 14.0 | |
| Hemoglobin on presentation, g/dL | ||||
| <13 | 22.2 | 19.7 | 18.5 | 0.14 |
| 13 to <15 | 40.8 | 42.1 | 40.7 | |
| ≥15 | 37.0 | 38.2 | 40.7 | |
| GRACE index mortality risk score | ||||
| Low (<109) | 80.8 | 86.4 | 85.7 | <0.001 |
| Moderate (109–140) | 16.1 | 11.9 | 13.2 | |
| High (>140) | 3.1 | 1.7 | 1.1 | |
| ACTION bleed risk score | ||||
| Very low | 22.5 | 24.8 | 25.3 | 0.02 |
| Low | 56.6 | 54.0 | 59.0 | |
| Moderate | 18.0 | 17.3 | 15.4 | |
| High | 2.5 | 3.3 | 0.3 | |
| Very high | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.0 | |
| Well‐being before admission | ||||
| EQ‐5D visual analog scaleb | 71 (19) | 68 (21) | 69 (21) | <0.001 |
| EQ‐5D scoresc | ||||
| Mobility (some problems/confined to bed) | 20.7/1.5 | 23.3/1.2 | 18.7/1.7 | 0.21 |
| Self‐care (some problems/unable) | 7.2/1.0 | 8.1/0.6 | 7.4/0.6 | 0.52 |
| Usual activities (some problems/unable) | 20.6/5.3 | 24.3/4.3 | 16.2/5.1 | 0.005 |
| Pain (moderate/extreme) | 30.6/3.3 | 34.8/4.2 | 24.7/3.7 | <0.001 |
| Anxiety/depression (moderate/extreme) | 2.8/24.4 | 27.2/5.0 | 24.9/2.8 | <0.001 |
| PHQ‐2 (Depression) | ||||
| Low (0–2) | 86.7 | 83.7 | 86.8 | 0.08 |
| Moderate (3–5) | 10.5 | 12.7 | 10.7 | |
| High (6) | 2.8 | 3.6 | 2.5 | |
| Process of care | ||||
| Prior use of P2Y12 inhibitor | 87.0 | 86.7 | 87.4 | 0.95 |
| Transferred from another hospital | 40.2 | 37.2 | 38.5 | 0.11 |
| Prasugrel (vs clopidogrel) | 25.6 | 30.2 | 28.1 | 0.003 |
| Primary service cardiology/cardiothoracic surgery | 88.6 | 87.9 | 85.7 | 0.20 |
| Hospital characteristicsd | ||||
| Urban location | 96.4 | 96.7 | 97.2 | 0.60 |
| Bed size, No. | ||||
| <300 | 17.9 | 15.5 | 14.9 | 0.01 |
| 300 to 499 | 27.8 | 25.1 | 27.5 | |
| ≥500 | 54.2 | 59.4 | 57.6 | |
| Teaching hospital | 73.2 | 72.8 | 75.6 | 0.57 |
| Control | ||||
| Not‐for‐profit | 83.3 | 80.7 | 80.0 | 0.08 |
| For profit | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.9 | |
| Government | 13.0 | 15.6 | 16.1 | |
| Region | ||||
| Northeast | 15.6 | 15.6 | 19.4 | 0.11 |
| Midwest | 38.2 | 36.0 | 37.1 | |
| South | 32.4 | 34.7 | 27.5 | |
| West | 13.8 | 13.6 | 16.0 | |
| Procedure characteristics | ||||
| Stent use | ||||
| BMS | 25.4 | 30.7 | 28.7 | <0.001 |
| DES | 71.7 | 66.1 | 66.9 | |
| None | 2.9 | 3.2 | 4.5 | |
| Femoral access (vs radial) | 88.2 | 86.8 | 85.7 | 0.17 |
| No. of vessels dilated | ||||
| ≤1 | 78.1 | 77.2 | 80.1 | 0.36 |
| 2 | 17.8 | 19.5 | 16.3 | |
| ≥3 | 4.2 | 3.4 | 3.7 | |
| Successful procedure | 96.1 | 96.6 | 93.5 | 0.04 |
| Complications | ||||
| Bleeding | ||||
| Hemodynamically unstable | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.30 |
| Transfusion for overt bleeding | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.6 | |
| Other | 2.5 | 1.9 | 1.2 | |
| CABG | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.66 |
| Other surgery | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.7 | 0.74 |
| MI | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.53 |
| Cardiogenic shock | 1.2 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 0.25 |
| HF | 1.5 | 2.1 | 1.4 | 0.30 |
| Stroke/CVA | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.72 |
| Specialty of follow‐up provider at discharge | ||||
| Cardiology | 33.3 | 36.5 | 37.4 | 0.04 |
| Internal medicine | 5.0 | 5.1 | 3.4 | |
| Other | 1.7 | 2.4 | 2.5 | |
| None | 60.0 | 56.0 | 56.7 | |
ACTION indicates Acute Coronary Treatment and Intervention Outcomes Network; BMS, bare‐metal stent; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; DES, drug‐eluting stent; EF, ejection fraction; GI/GU, gastrointestinal/genitourinary; GRACE, Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events; HF, heart failure; MI, myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; PHQ‐2, Patient Health Questionnaire‐2; STEMI, ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction; TIA, transient ischemic attack.
a
Expressed as a percentage unless otherwise indicated. Excludes 14 patients who died during index hospitalization.
b
Mean (SD).
c
Excludes missing values (0.4%).
d
Excludes missing values (0.5%).