VCAM1 was expressed in the NR2F2+ ovarian stromal lineage and coexpressed with AR+ stromal cells. (A) VCAM1 was not expressed (31) on fibroblastic (αSMA+) theca cells (34), but it was present on steroidogenic theca cells in the D25 mouse ovary. (B) DHT treatment triggers a broad thickening of the VCAM1+ theca layer, especially in abnormal follicles, as well as an abundance of VCAM1+ (αSMA−) cells in the ovarian interstitial compartment. (C) In the D25 control ovary, AR was nucleated (35) in the ovarian theca cells, but it was rarely nucleated in stromal interstitial cells. (D) Stains for AR in the DHT-treated ovaries revealed an abundance of nucleated AR+ cells, especially in the interstitial compartment. (E) The theca/interstitial marker NR2F2, costained (38) with nuclear AR (35) in the theca of D25 ovaries. (F) Similarly, nucleated AR and NR2F2 colocalized in both the theca and interstitial layer upon treatment with DHT. (G) In the D25 ovary, VCAM1 was expressed in NR2F2+ theca cells (31, 38), particularly those adjacent to the collagen boundary with granulosa cells (inner theca). (H) DHT induced the expression of VCAM1 in NR2F2+ theca and interstitial cells that expanded in the stromal compartment. N ≥ 3 for all conditions. GC, granulosa cell; IS, interstitial stroma; TS, theca stroma.