Table4.
Characteristics of Study Participants according to Resilience, Women's Health Initiative Observational and Clinical Trials, n=2,765*
| Resilience | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 (3 – 12) | Q2 (13 – 15) | Q3 (16 – 17) | Q4 (18) | |
| (n=604) | (n=766) | (n=500) | (n=895) | |
| Age at WHI entry Mean (SD) | 59.5 (6.2) | 59.2 (6.1) | 58.7 (6.1) | 58.8 (6) |
| Age at Extension 2 questionnaire Mean (SD) | 75.0 (6.1) | 74.6 (6) | 74.2 (6) | 74.2 (5.9) |
| Stressful life events: | ||||
| Q4 (5 – 22) | 232 (38%) | 226 (30%) | 131 (26%) | 143 (16%) |
| Q3 (3 – 4) | 143 (24%) | 191 (25%) | 156 (31%) | 232 (26%) |
| Q2 (1 –2) | 126 (21%) | 192 (25%) | 122 (24%) | 272 (30%) |
| Q1 (0) | 103 (17%) | 157 (20%) | 91 (18%) | 248 (28%) |
| Education | ||||
| Missing | 6 (1%) | 5 (1%) | 5 (1%) | 6 (1%) |
| Less than High school diploma or GED | 31 (5%) | 25 (3%) | 15 (3%) | 26 (3%) |
| High school diploma or GED | 83 (14%) | 97 (13%) | 46 (9%) | 83 (9%) |
| Some college | 252 (42%) | 296 (39%) | 169 (34%) | 321 (36%) |
| College graduate or higher | 232 (38%) | 343 (45%) | 265 (53%) | 459 (51%) |
| Smoking status: | ||||
| Missing | 7 (1%) | 12 (2%) | 4 (1%) | 9 (1%) |
| Never smoked | 287 (48%) | 373 (49%) | 234 (47%) | 449 (50%) |
| Past smoker | 254 (42%) | 299 (39%) | 205 (41%) | 372 (42%) |
| Current smoker | 56 (9%) | 82 (11%) | 57 (11%) | 65 (7%) |
| BMI: | ||||
| Missing | 11 (2%) | 5 (1%) | 5 (1%) | 9 (1%) |
| <25 kg/m2 | 94 (16%) | 140 (18%) | 99 (20%) | 177 (20%) |
| 25–29 kg/m2 | 216 (36%) | 270 (35%) | 177 (35%) | 342 (38%) |
| ≥30 kg/m2 | 283 (47%) | 351 (46%) | 219 (44%) | 367 (41%) |
| Hormone use: | ||||
| Never | 330 (55%) | 422 (55%) | 267 (53%) | 496 (55%) |
| Past user | 90 (15%) | 115 (15%) | 73 (15%) | 118 (13%) |
| Current user <5 years | 76 (13%) | 85 (11%) | 75 (15%) | 94 (11%) |
| Current user 5 to <10 years | 49 (8%) | 61 (8%) | 38 (8%) | 87 (10%) |
| Current user ≥10 years | 59 (10%) | 83 (11%) | 47 (9%) | 100 (11%) |
| Type of hormone use: | ||||
| Never user | 330 (55%) | 422 (55%) | 267 (53%) | 496 (55%) |
| Past user of either E alone or E+P | 90 (15%) | 115 (15%) | 73 (15%) | 118 (13%) |
| E-alone | 134 (22%) | 172 (22%) | 106 (21%) | 194 (22%) |
| E+P | 50 (8%) | 57 (7%) | 54 (11%) | 87 (10%) |
| Oral contraceptive use | 263 (44%) | 352 (46%) | 258 (52%) | 449 (50%) |
| Diabetes status: | ||||
| Missing | 2 (<1%) | 0 | 0 | 1 (<1%) |
| Yes | 35 (6%) | 40 (5%) | 33 (7%) | 45 (5%) |
| Use of anti-hyperlipidemia drugs: | ||||
| Missing | 48 (8%) | 38 (5%) | 37 (7%) | 37 (4%) |
| Yes | 71 (12%) | 93 (12%) | 44 (9%) | 74 (8%) |
| Hypertension history: | ||||
| Missing | 39 (6%) | 31 (4%) | 36 (7%) | 35 (4%) |
| Never hypertensive | 286 (47%) | 395 (52%) | 252 (50%) | 487 (54%) |
| Treated hypertensive | 217 (36%) | 288 (38%) | 175 (35%) | 299 (33%) |
| Untreated hypertensive | 62 (10%) | 52 (7%) | 37 (7%) | 74 (8%) |
| Physical activity: | ||||
| Missing | 33 (5%) | 27 (4%) | 33 (7%) | 30 (3%) |
| None | 122 (20%) | 158 (21%) | 93 (19%) | 191 (21%) |
| >0–3.75 MET-hours/week | 95 (16%) | 122 (16%) | 71 (14%) | 113 (13%) |
| 3.75–8.75 MET-hours/week | 132 (22%) | 142 (19%) | 95 (19%) | 178 (20%) |
| 8.75–17.5 MET-hours/week | 119 (20%) | 153 (20%) | 95 (19%) | 175 (20%) |
| ≥17.5 MET-hours/week | 103 (17%) | 164 (21%) | 113 (23%) | 208 (23%) |
| WHI Trial membership: | ||||
| OS | 248 (41%) | 342 (45%) | 228 (46%) | 425 (47%) |
| E-only | 37 (6%) | 44 (6%) | 30 (6%) | 55 (6%) |
| E+P | 27 (4%) | 33 (4%) | 28 (6%) | 50 (6%) |
| DM | 236 (39%) | 268 (35%) | 174 (35%) | 293 (33%) |
| E+P and DM | 56 (9%) | 79 (10%) | 40 (8%) | 72 (8%) |
OS: Observational study; E+P: Estrogen plus progestin; DM: Dietary modification
*
Demographics are restricted to the 2,765 participants with available resilience information from Extension Study 2.