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. 2019 May 9;9:7139. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-43755-w

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Cell viability assay of MCF-7 cells treated with 2 µM thymoquinone (TQ), TQ loaded noisomes (Nio/TQ), Carum extract (Carum) and Carum loaded niosomes (Nio/Carum(for 24 h. (A) MTT assay after treatment with different concentrations of blank noisome (0.5, 2, 5, and 10 µM) and MTT assay of free TQ, Nio/TQ, Carum and Nio/Carum. (B) Representative histogram plot of MCF-7 cells showing distribution in the different phases of the cell cycle after 24 h treatment, determined by flow cytometry after staining cells with PI. (C) Early, late apoptosis and necrosis of MCF-7 cells were analysed through flow cytometer after staining the cells with Annexin V-FITC and PI. (D) Detection of apoptotic DNA ladder in MCF-7 cell line by DNA fragmentation assay;(Lane M: Standard molecular size marker (1 Kb), Lane 1: free TQ, Lane 2: Nio/TQ, Lane 3: Carum, Lane 4: Nio/Carum, Lane 5: noisome and Lane 6: untreated cells The lanes are cropped from the same gel (a full image of the gel is provided in the Supplementary Information). Values were expressed as the mean of three different experiments ± SD.