FIGURE 5.
Illustration of constructing kinematic variables in the kinematic model. The black solid line in I, II, and III represents the actual angle curve, the angular velocity curve, and the angular acceleration curve respectively during passive elbow stretch. Their reconstructed and scaled curves are shown in the black dotted line in IV, V, VI on the right panel. The blue dotted line in I and III illustrates the scaling and reconstruction procedure respectively, in detail for comparison.