Table 4.
Association of maternal depression with social support, marital discord, and domestic violence among the pregnant mothers (N = 280).
| Maternal characteristics | Depressed mothers (>13) (n = 100) | Non-depressed mothers (<13) (n = 180) | Bivariate analysis crude OR (95% CI) | P-value | Multivariate analysis adjusted OR (95% CI) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SOCIAL SUPPORT | ||||||
| High support (1–2.9) | 44 (44.0%) | 94 (52.2%) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Moderate support (3–5) | 24 (24.0%) | 54 (30.0%) | 0.949 (0.521–1.729) | 0.865 | 0.839 (0.436–1.616) | 0.600 |
| Low support (5.1–7) | 32 (32.0%) | 32 (17.8%) | 2.136 (1.164–3.919) | 0.014 | 1.785 (0.915–3.481) | 0.089 |
| MARITAL DISCORD | ||||||
| No | 32 (32.0%) | 79 (43.9%) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 68 (68.0%) | 101 (56.1%) | 1.662 (0.995–2.776) | 0.052 | 1.517 (0.862–2.671) | 0.149 |
| SPOUSE PHYSICAL AND SEXUAL VIOLENCE | ||||||
| Yes | 11 (11.0%) | 04 (2.2%) | 5.438 (1.684–17.564) | 0.005 | 5.916 (1.703–20.558) | 0.005* |
| No | 89 (89.0%) | 176 (97.8%) | 1 | 1 | ||
| PREGNANCY RELATED ANXIETY | ||||||
| Absent | 47 (47.0%) | 109 (60.6%) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Present | 53 (53.0%) | 71 (39.4%) | 1.731 (1.057–2.836) | 0.029 | 2.016 (1.134–3.587) | 0.017* |
| CONSANGUINITY | ||||||
| No | 77 (77.0%) | 121 (67.2%) | 1 | |||
| Yes | 23 (23.0%) | 59 (32.8%) | 0.613 (0.350–1.073) | 0.086 | 0.728 (0.397–1.334) | 0.304 |
| CATASTROPHIC EVENTS | ||||||
| No | 64 (31.4%) | 140 (68.6%) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 36 (47.4%) | 40 (68.6%) | 1.969 (1.149–3.374) | 0.014 | 2.148 (1.203–3.837) | 0.010* |
*
Positively significant according to multivariable analysis.