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. 2018 Sep 6;16(2):133–143. doi: 10.1007/s10433-018-0487-y

Table 2.

Prevalence of the absence of loneliness by welfare regimes and quality of living conditions and level of social integration variables

Anglo-Saxon Continental Eastern Nordic Southern
No loneliness p No loneliness p No loneliness p No loneliness p No loneliness p
Quality of living conditions
Self-rated health
 Good 80.3 ≤ 0.001 83.8 ≤ 0.001 72.8 ≤ 0.001 84.9 ≤ 0.001 70.5 0.209
 Poor 64.0 68.1 54.1 71.5 67.3
Household size
 1 53.2 ≤ 0.001 48.5 ≤ 0.001 26.1 ≤ 0.001 59.2 ≤ 0.001 32.0 ≤ 0.001
 2 86.2 85.5 73.6 89.3 73.7
 3 and above 72.2 84.9 65.2 84.4 78.1
Feeling of safety
 Safe 78.0 ≤ 0.001 80.5 ≤ 0.001 62.3 0.001 81.3 0.018 71.5 0.001
 Unsafe 63.6 64.5 52.4 69.9 60.8
Level of social integration
Marital status
 Married/partnership 84.4 ≤ 0.001 85.8 ≤ 0.001 77.5 ≤ 0.001 89.3 ≤ 0.001 78.1 ≤ 0.001
 Divorced/separated 58.4 62.1 36.4 68.2 52.1
 Widowed 52.7 46.1 32.0 57.5 44.7
 Single 68.2 62.4 38.3 71 58.9
Frequency of being social
 Less than once a month 60.2 ≤ 0.001 73.1 0.062 50.4 ≤ 0.001 67.6 0.197 55.4 0.001
 Once a month or more 73.0 78.0 67.3 80.7 67.9
 Once a week or more 76.6 75.6 58.9 80.1 70.8
Number of confidants
 0–1 67.9 ≤ 0.001 61.3 ≤ 0.001 52.5 ≤ 0.001 73.8 0.153 59.1 ≤ 0.001
 2–3 72.0 74.9 58.8 80.1 64.1
 4 and above 79.0 83.1 71.1 82.1 79.8