Table 2.

Description of habitat variables (indices) used in analyses (habitat variables distance to water, canopy cover are described in Table 1)

SN	Habitat variables (abbreviation)	Description
1	Tree species richness (SpeciesRichness)	We measured tree species diversity of each plot using a Menhinick's diversity index as $D=\frac{s}{\sqrt{N}}$; where D is Menhinick's diversity index, S is the number of species, and N is total abundance. The index reduces bias due to sampling effort and plot size (Whittaker 1977)
2	Bamboo abundance (BamboAbun)	Data on bamboo included number of bamboo plants, average bamboo height, and bamboo coverage (Table 1). We developed a simple index of bamboo abundance for each plot as B = N (log H ) × log (c); where, B is the bamboo abundance index, H is the average height of bamboo in a plot, and c is the bamboo coverage in a plot
5	Tree height (TreeHigh)	Average height of tree species within a sampling plot (see Table 1 for details)
6	Tree diameter (DBH)	Average DBH of all tree species in a sampling plot (see Table 1 for details)