Figure 3.

Different mechanisms how PTMs can regulate RNP granule assembly or disassembly in cells. A, PTMs of RBPs can regulate protein–protein or protein–RNA interactions and thereby modulate RNP granules. B, nucleocytoplasmic localization of RBPs can be regulated by PTMs. Altered RBP concentrations in the nucleus or cytoplasm may affect the assembly/disassembly of RNP granules in the respective cellular compartment. C, PTMs can regulate RNP granules by promoting degradation by autophagy or the proteasome. Reduced cellular concentrations of a specific RBP may affect RNP granules.