Figure 1.

Effects of valproic acid (VPA) and aldosterone treatments on the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in the brain cortex and hippocampus. Each value represents the mean ± standard deviation (n = 10 rats/group). Statistical significance as tested by two-way ANOVA with the main factors of VPA treatment and aldosterone treatment. Presented results represent a relative value, namely a ratio between the quantity of measured gene and geometric mean of the quantities of reference genes (21).