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. 2019 Mar 30;8(7):e011411. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.118.011411

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© 2019 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Example carotid pressure, velocity, wave power (WP) and wave intensity (WI) from control and coarctation participants. Top panel: carotid pressure waveform derived from averaged diameter distention wave forms. Second panel: carotid pressure separated into forward (P+) and backward (P−) components. Third panel: averaged carotid mean velocity waveforms. Lower panel: WP and WI separated into forward (green) and backward (red) components. BCW indicates backward compression wave; FCW, forward compression wave; FDW, forward decompression wave; WI, wave intensity; WP, wave power.