Table 5.
Carotid Wave Analysis
| Coarctation (n=41) | Control (n=34) | Unadjusted P Value | Difference in Means (±95% CI)a | P Valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| c, m/s | 3.71±0.50 | 3.49±0.45 | 0.05 | 0.19 (−0.05, 0.43) | 0.11 |
| Zc, g.cm2/s | 1313±258 | 1315±295 | 0.98 | 22 (−118, 163) | 0.75 |
| Cumulative intensity, W/m2/s×104 | |||||
| FCW | 3.18 (2.27, 4.11) | 1.68 (1.28, 2.78) | <0.001b | 1.80 (1.17, 2.44) | <0.001 |
| BCW | −1.32 (−1.96, −0.89) | −0.84 (−1.23, −0.65) | 0.002b | −0.74 (−1.10, −0.38) | <0.001 |
| FDW | 0.76 (0.56, 1.14) | 0.33 (0.20, 0.58) | <0.001b | 0.56 (0.36, 0.76) | <0.001 |
| BCW:FCW cumulative intensity ratio | 0.47±0.14 | 0.50±0.12 | 0.36 | −0.04 (−0.11, 0.02) | 0.21 |
| Cumulative power, W/s | |||||
| FCW | 0.99 (0.68, 1.50) | 0.52 (0.41, 0.80) | <0.001b | 0.67 (0.40, 0.95) | <0.001 |
| BCW | −0.42 (−0.60, −0.28) | −0.26 (−0.41, −0.20) | <0.001b | −0.30 (−0.46, −0.13) | 0.001 |
| FDW | 0.24 (0.17, 0.38) | 0.10 (0.07, 0.17) | <0.001b | 0.21 (0.13, 0.30) | <0.001 |
| BCW:FCW wave power ratio | 0.43±0.20 | 0.52±0.16 | 0.30 | −0.04 (−0.10, 0.02) | 0.18 |
| ΔP, mm Hg | |||||
| FCW | 24.3 (21.3, 28.6) | 17.7 (16.1, 22.3) | <0.001b | 7.1 (4.3, 9.9) | <0.001 |
| BCW | 15.0 (12.8, 20.5) | 11.3 (9.7, 13.9) | <0.001b | 4.5 (2.5, 6.6) | <0.001 |
| FDW | −13.9 (−19.1, −11.3) | −9.4 (−14.0, −7.1) | <0.001b | −6.1 (−8.6, −3.6) | <0.001 |
| BCW:FCW ΔP ratio | 0.68±0.09 | 0.66±0.08 | 0.22 | 0.01 (−0.03, 0.06) | 0.57 |
Data are mean±SD. BCW indicates backward‐running compression wave; c, local aortic wave speed; CP, cumulative power; FCW, initial systolic forward‐running compression wave; FDW, late‐systolic forward‐running decompression wave; Zc, characteristic impedance; ΔP, pressure change related to a given wave.
a
Data adjusted for age and sex.
b
Median (25th, 75th percentiles) Mann–Whitney U test.