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. 2019 Mar 23;8(7):e010860. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.118.010860

Figure 8.

Figure 8

Inhibition of p38 MAPK suppresses TLR9‐induced macrophage activation. A, Ligation of ODN1826 (100 nmol/L) to TLR9 activated the MAPK pathway determined by the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in Apoe −/− macrophages (n=4–5). Comparison between ODN1826‐treated group and Ctrl‐ODN1826–treated group was performed with Mann–Whitney U test. B, The p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580 (10 μmol/L), abrogated the expression of inflammatory molecules, such as VCAM‐1, ICAM‐1, MCP‐1, and TNF‐α, which are induced by TLR9 activation with ODN1826 (100 nmol/L) in Apoe −/− macrophages (n=6). Effects of SB203580 in ODN1826‐treated macrophages were analyzed with Mann–Whitney U test. *P<0.05 and **P<0.01. All values are mean±SEM. ICAM‐1 indicates intercellular cell adhesion molecule‐1; MAPK, mitogen‐activated protein kinase; MCP‐1, monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1; qPCR, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction; TLR9, Toll‐like receptor 9; TNF‐ α, tumor necrosis factor‐α; VCAM‐1, vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1.