Table 1.
Patient Characteristics
| Surgery (n=28) | BD (n=23) | Stent (n=24) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pretreatment data | ||||
| Age at treatment, y | 6 (1, 26) | 5 (1, 17) | 15 (7, 26) | <0.001 |
| SBP gradient, mm Hg | 43.7±19.3 | 34.6±15.0 | 38.4±21.0 | 0.29 |
| TAA diameter z‐score | −1.9±1.0 | −1.5±1.4 | −1.9±0.8 | 0.38 |
| Isthmus diameter z‐score | −3.59±1.21 | −3.92±0.89 | −3.31±1.37 | 0.32 |
| Initial Doppler gradient, mm Hg | 48.0±14.7 | 47.9±14.8 | 52.5±20.3 | 0.60 |
| Male sex | 79% | 74% | 75% | 0.94 |
| Bicuspid aortic valve | 71% | 45% | 50% | 0.13 |
| Age at enrollment, y | 15 (8, 33) | 17 (11, 26) | 20 (9, 33) | 0.12 |
| BMI at enrollment | 22 (15, 32) | 21 (16, 33) | 23 (16, 38) | 0.69 |
| SBP gradient, mm Hg | −7.1±14.0 | −3.0±12.3 | −3.7±14.5 | 0.52 |
| NYHA class | ||||
| I | 89% | 100% | 92% | 0.37 |
| II | 11% | 0% | 8% | |
| Metabolic profile | ||||
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 159 (112, 210) | 153 (123, 229) | 152 (108, 227) | 0.59 |
| LDL, mg/dL | 86 (53, 145) | 81 (59, 179) | 85 (44, 130) | 0.66 |
| HDL, mg/dL | 53 (34, 90) | 48 (31, 90) | 51 (32, 88) | 0.99 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 76 (29, 224) | 52 (29, 149) | 74 (29, 167) | 0.07 |
| Plasma glucose, mg/dL | 82 (74, 98) | 81 (59, 93) | 86 (63, 108) | 0.15 |
| Insulin, μIU/mL | 6 (3, 44) | 6 (3, 17) | 7 (2, 20) | 0.86 |
| Hemoglobin A1c, % | 5.3 (4.1, 5.7) | 5.3 (4.4, 5.7) | 5.3 (4.8, 5.9) | 0.60 |
| Antihypertension medication | 14% | 26% | 33% | 0.14 |
Values are mean±SD, median (minimum, maximum), or percent. BMI indicates body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m)2); BSA, body surface area; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; LDL, low‐density lipoprotein; NYHA, New York Heart Association; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TAA, transverse aortic arch.