Table 1.
Results of a survey from 2013 and a survey from 2016 in 33 European countries. Scotland was treated separately from the UK [25–65]
| Country# | National strategy for HCV treatment/PWID included | National action plan for HCV treatment/PWID included | National clinical guidelines for HCV treatment | National clinical guidelines for HCV treatment: PWID included | Separate national clinical guidelines for HCV treatment in PWID | Separate national clinical guidelines for HCV treatment in PWID are applicable to OST users | Separate national guidelines for HCV treatment in PWID are applicable to active injectors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | |||||||
| 2013 NGO | N/na | Y/N | Y | Y | N | Y | na |
| 2016 NGO | N/na | N/na | Y | N | N | N | N |
| Austria | |||||||
| 2013 NGO | Y/Y | na/na | Y | na | na | na | na |
| 2016 NGO | N/na | N/na | N | na | na | na | na |
| Belgium* | |||||||
| 2013 NGO [25] | N/N | na/na | N | na | na | na | na |
| 2016 NGO | Y/N | Y/N | Y | Y | na | na | na |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | |||||||
| 2013 university hospital [26] | Y/Y | Y/Y | Y | Y | N | na | na |
| 2016 university hospital | Y/na | N/na | Y | Y | N | na | na |
| Bulgaria | |||||||
| 2013 public health | N/na | Y/na | Y | Y | Y | na | na |
| 2016 NGO [27] | N/N | N/N | Y | na | na | na | na |
| Croatia | |||||||
| 2013 NGO | N/na | N/na | Y | Y | na | na | na |
| 2016 university hospital | N/na | N/na | Y | Y | na | na | na |
| Czech Republic* | |||||||
| 2013 university hospital [28] | N/N | N/N | N | na | Y | Y | Y |
| 2016 NGO, private clinic | N/N | N/N | Y | Y | N | N | N |
| Denmark | |||||||
| 2013 public health [29, 30] | Y/Y | Y/Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| 2016 public health [31] | N/na | N/na | Y | Y | N | N | N |
| Estonia* | |||||||
| 2013 NGO | N/N | N/n | N | N | N | N | N |
| 2016 NGO | N/N | N/N | Y | Y | N | N | N |
| Finland* | |||||||
| 2013 public health [32] | N/N | N/N | N | N | N | N | N |
| 2016 public health | Y/Y | N/na | N | na | na | na | na |
| France* | |||||||
| 2013 NGO [33] | Y/Y | Y/Y | Y | Y | N | na | na |
| 2016 NGO | Y/Y | N/na | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Germany* | |||||||
| 2013 NGO [34, 35] | N/N | N/N | Y | Y | N | na | na |
| 2016 NGO [36] | Y/Y | N/na | Y | Y | N | na | na |
| Greece | |||||||
| 2016 public health [37] | Y/Y | Y/Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N |
| 2013 NGO [37, 38] | N/N | N/N | Y | Y | N | na | na |
| Hungary* | |||||||
| 2013 NGO [39] | N/N | N/N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| 2016 NGO [40] | N/N | Y/Y | Y | Y | na | N | N |
| Ireland* | |||||||
| 2013 NGO [41] | N/N | N/N | Y | Y | N | N | na |
| 2016 hospital [42] | Y/Y | Y/Y | Y | Y | na | na | na |
| Italy* | |||||||
| 2013 NGO [43] | N/N | N/N | N | na | na | na | na |
| 2016 NGO [43, 44] | N/na | Y/Y | N | na | na | na | na |
| Latvia | |||||||
| 2013 NGO [45] | Y/N | N/N | Y | Y | Y | Y | N |
| 2016 university hospital | N/na | N/na | Y | na | na | na | na |
| Lithuania | |||||||
| 2013 university hospital [46] | Y/Y | N/N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| 2016 university hospital | N/N | N/N | Y | N | N | N | N |
| Macedonia | |||||||
| 2013 NGO | N/na | N/na | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| 2016 NGO | N/N | N/N | Y | Y | na | na | na |
| Montenegro | |||||||
| 2013 NGO | N/N | N/N | N | na | na | na | na |
| 2016 NGO | N/na | N/na | N | na | na | na | na |
| Norway | |||||||
| 2013 NGO | Y/Y | N/N | Y | Y | Y | na | Y |
| 2016 NGO | Y/Y | N/na | Y | Y | na | na | na |
| Poland* | |||||||
| 2013 NGO [47] | N/N | N/N | Y | Y | N | Y | na |
| 2016 NGO | N/N | N/N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Portugal* | |||||||
| 2013 NGO | N/N | N/N | Y | Y | N | na | na |
| 2016 NGO [48] | Y/N | Y/N | Y | Y | na | na | na |
| Romania* | |||||||
| 2013 NGO [49] | N/N | N/N | N | na | na | na | na |
| 2016 NGO | N/na | Y/N | Y | Y | N | N | N |
| Scotland | |||||||
| 2013 public health [50] | Y/Y | Y/Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| 2016 NGO | Y/Y | Y/Y | Y | Y | Y | na | na |
| Serbia* | |||||||
| 2013 NGO | N/N | N/N | N | Y | na | na | Y |
| 2016 NGO | N/na | N/na | Y | Y | na | na | na |
| Slovakia | |||||||
| 2013 NGO [51] | N/N | N/N | Y | Y | Y | na | na |
| 2016 NGO | N/N | N/N | Y | Y | na | Y | N |
| Slovenia | |||||||
| 2013 university hospital [52, 53] | Y/Y | Y/Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| 2016 university hospital, NGO [52, 53] | Y/Y | Y/Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Spain* | |||||||
| 2013 NGO [54] | N/N | N/N | Y | Y | N | Y | N |
| 2016 public health [55] | Y/Y | Y/N | Y | N | Y | Y | N |
| Sweden* | |||||||
| 2013 NGO | N/N | N/N | N | N | N | N | N |
| 2016 NGO [56, 57] | N/N | N/N | Y | N | Y | Y | Y |
| Switzerland | |||||||
| 2013 public health | N/N | N/N | N | Y | N | Y | na |
| 2016 NGO [58] | N/na | N/na | N | na | na | na | na |
| The Netherlands* | |||||||
| 2013 NGO [59–61] | N/Y | N/N | Y | Y | Y | Y | na |
| 2016 NGO [62] | Y/Y | Y/Y | Y | Y | na | na | na |
| United Kingdom | |||||||
| 2013 NGO [63–65] | Y/Y | Y/Y | Y | Y | N | na | na |
| 2016 NGO | Y/Y | Y/Y | Y | Y | na | na | na |
N no, Y yes, na no answer, NGO non-governmental organization, HCV hepatitis C virus, PWID people who inject drugs, OST opioid substitution therapy
#The year of the study is presented following the country names. All respondent affiliations are indicated following the year of the study. If respondents provided references to national guidelines, the citations are given in brackets following the respondent’s affiliation
*Countries with a positive trend between 2013 and 2016 to any of the questions