Table I.
ASHLine caller characteristics at enrollment and 7-month follow-up (n = 14 296)
| Home smoking ban category | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | None (n = 1828) | Enrollment only (n = 1099) | 7-month follow-up only (n = 1971) | Both enrollment and 7-month follow-up (n = 9398) | P-valuea |
| At enrollment | |||||
| Age, mean (SD) | 56.8 (11.8) | 52.3 (14.3) | 55.0 (12.2) | 50.3 (13.9) | <0.0001b,c,d |
| Female gender | 1072 (58.6) | 610 (55.5) | 1155 (58.6) | 5099 (54.3) | <0.0001d |
| Insurance | |||||
| State medicaid | 499 (27.3) | 287 (26.1) | 499 (25.3) | 1759 (18.7) | <0.0001b,c,d |
| Private | 995 (54.4) | 565 (51.4) | 1006 (51.0) | 5123 (54.5) | |
| Uninsured | 331 (18.1) | 242 (22.0) | 458 (23.2) | 2475 (26.3) | |
| Education | |||||
| High school or less | 293 (16.0) | 172 (15.7) | 318 (16.1) | 1342 (14.3) | 0.03d |
| More than high school | 1462 (80.0) | 885 (80.1) | 1575 (80.0) | 7804 (83.0) | |
| Children living in home | 176 (9.7) | 236 (21.5) | 264 (13.4) | 2958 (31.5) | <0.0001b,c,d |
| Chronic condition | |||||
| Asthma | 371 (20.3) | 264 (24.0) | 431 (21.9) | 1560 (16.6) | <0.0001b,d |
| COPD | 483 (26.4) | 242 (22.0) | 414 (21.0) | 1232 (13.1) | <0.0001b,c,d |
| Diabetes | 356 (19.5) | 165 (15.0) | 351 (17.8) | 1237 (13.2) | <0.0001b,d |
| Heart disease | 260 (14.2) | 131 (11.9) | 249 (12.6) | 838 (8.9) | <0.0001b,d |
| High blood pressure | 770 (42.1) | 376 (34.2) | 785 (39.8) | 2819 (30.0) | <0.0001b,d |
| Cancer | 185 (10.1) | 102 (9.3) | 189 (9.6) | 733 (7.8) | 0.0007d |
| Mental health condition | 830 (45.4) | 477 (43.4) | 763 (38.7) | 3193 (34.0) | <0.0001c,d |
| Any of the above | 1260 (68.9) | 701 (63.8) | 1286 (65.3) | 4981 (53.0) | <0.0001b,c,d |
| Other smokers living in the home | 978 (53.5) | 528 (48.0) | 911 (46.2) | 3949 (42.0) | <0.0001b,c,d |
| Smoking in the home | |||||
| Not allowed | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1908 (96.8) | 9299 (99.0) | <0.0001c,d |
| Allowed in some places | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 63 (3.2) | 99 (1.0) | |
| Allowed anywhere | 1828 (100) | 1099 (100) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Age of tobacco | |||||
| Initiation, mean (SD) | 17.4 (6.2) | 17.2 (5.7) | 17.6 (6.2) | 17.9 (6.2) | <0.0001d |
| Frequency of current tobacco use | <0.0001b,c,d | ||||
| Not at all | 79 (4.3) | 114 (10.4) | 112 (5.7) | 783 (8.3) | |
| Some days | 21 (1.2) | 18 (1.6) | 21 (1.1) | 185 (2.0) | |
| Every day | 1718 (94.0) | 950 (86.4) | 1820 (92.3) | 8354 (88.9) | |
| Number of cigarettes smoked per day, mean (SD) | 21.2 (11.3) | 19.0 (20.4) | 20.1 (11.7) | 15.4 (8.9) | <0.0001b,c,d |
| Nicotine dependence score (range 0–10), mean(SD) | 5.6 (2.3) | 4.9 (2.3) | 5.3 (2.2) | 4.3 (2.3) | <0.0001b,c,d |
| Number of quit attempts, mean (SD) | 3.0 (16.6) | 2.7 (13.3) | 3.1 (15.0) | 3.6 (23.3) | <0.0001d |
| Confidence in quitting | 1375 (75.2) | 918 (83.5) | 1637 (83.1) | 8047 (85.6) | <0.0001b,c,d |
| Intention to quit | 1655 (90.5) | 979 (89.1) | 1838 (93.3) | 8712 (92.7) | <0.0001c,d |
| At 7-month follow-up | |||||
| Other smokers living in the home | 747 (40.9) | 433 (39.4) | 544 (27.6) | 2537 (27.0) | <0.0001c,d |
| Use of tobacco cessation medication | 1144 (62.6) | 704 (64.1) | 1260 (63.9) | 6328 (67.3) | <0.0001c,d |
| Number of coaching sessions, mean (SD) | 4.6 (4.3) | 4.5 (4.8) | 5.3 (2.2) | 4.8 (4.2) | <0.0001c |
| 30-day cessation | 264 (14.4) | 234 (21.3) | 996 (50.3) | 4325 (46.0) | <0.0001b,c,d |
Mean (SD) shown for continuous variables, frequencies (%) shown for categorical variables. Partial bans were combined with complete home smoking bans. Missing data rates ranged from 0 to 5%, except for number of cigarettes per day (11%); nicotine dependence (9%); cessation medication (11%).
a
Overall Chi-square (categorical) and ANOVA tests for non-missing data.
b
Statistically significant between ‘None’ versus ‘Enrollment only’.
c
Statistically significant between ‘None’ versus ‘Follow-up only’.
d
Statistically significant between ‘None’ versus ‘Both’.