Study	Reason for exclusion
Cousins 2012	Does not meet inclusion criteria as it compared different assessment criteria when performing antenatal CTG.
Hertz 1979	Not an RCT.
Moffatt 1997	This study did not assess antenatal CTG but compared lateral tilt during antenatal CTG assessment with no lateral tilt during antenatal CTG assessment.
Nathan 2000	This study compared sitting upright for the CTG test with lying supine for the CTG test.
Newnham 1988	This study did not assess antenatal CTG but compared non‐stress CTG with contraction stress test, with intention to see which test provided information more quickly.
Piyamongkol 2006	This study looked at manual stimulation compared with non‐stress CTG.
Reece 1992	Not an RCT. Women did a non‐stress test at home then came in for a repeat by a nurse. Experts then assessed the traces.
van Geijn 1991	Trial to assess the validity of computerised fetal heart rate monitoring using system 8000 versus conventional FHR on intrauterine growth retardation. Personal communication 1991. Unable to obtain authors reply.

CTG: cardiotocograph
 FHR: fetal heart rate
 RCT: randomised controlled trial