Table 1.
Recipe for 1X nutrient-balanced synthetic hand washing water prepared in tap watera.
| Chemical name | Chemical formula | Concentration (mg/L) |
|---|---|---|
| Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) | NaC12H25SO4 | 210 |
| Glycerol | C3H8O3 | 75 |
| Lactic acid | C3H6O3 | 1.1 |
| Humic acid | C9H8Na2O4 | 2.6 |
| Kaolinite (as Kaolin) | Al2Si2O5(OH)4 | 23 |
| Ammonium chloride | NH4Cl | 40 |
| Sodium nitrate | NaNO3 | 126 |
| Disodium phosphate dihydrate | HNa2PO4·2H2O | 45 |
| Sodium sulfate | Na2SO4 | 12 |
| Potassium chloride | KCl | 5 |
| Iron(II) chloride tetrahydrate | Cl2Fe·4H2O | 4.4 |
| Manganese(II) chloride tetrahydrate | Cl2Mn·4H2O | 0.02 |
| Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate | Cl2Co·6H2O | 0.002 |
| Sodium chloride | NaCl | 97 |
a
The tap water in Zürich has been measured as containing 0.7 mg/L N, 5 mg/L S, 50 mg/L Ca, 1.2 mg/L K, 7 mg/L Mg, <0.005 mg/L P, Fe, Zn and <0.0005 mg/L Mn and Cu (City of Zürich, 2016). Mo and Co are assumed to be zero.