Table 2.

Butyrate-producing species, inflammatory markers and the intestinal barrier function

	16S copies/ng input gDNA	F. prausnitzii copies/ng input gDNA	E rectale copies/ng input gDNA	Roseburia spp. copies/ng input gDNA	BCoAT copies/ng input gDNA	CRP mg/l	IL-6 pg/ml	D-lactate mmol/l
Healthy controls (n=15)	2,828,150 (1,904,217–3,465,626)	356,986 (127,028–478,816)	14,625 (8845 −75 283)	30 (13–102)	2493 (949–9609)	0.8 (0.5–2.2)	1.4 (1.3–1.6)	<0.1 (0–0)
Preemptive (n=4)	3,680,962 (3,166,966–6,10,362)	600,164 (331,419–1,003,237)	35,026 (7532–196,945)	63 (15–656)	4862 (1761–23,368)	0.9 (0.1–35.8)	2.5 (1.5–11.5)	<0.1 (0–0.1)
Dialysis group (n=31)	3,027,599 (1 576,133–3,544,898)	297,402 (82,416–524,638)	12,896 (4928–34,306)	29 (7–66)	3656 (410–7684)	2.2 (0.9–4.2)*	2.7 (1.9–3.8)*	<0.1 (0–0.13)*

Notes: Median (Interquartile range) copy numbers 16S, the measured butyrate-producing species and the BCoAT gene and levels of inflammatory markers and D-lactate. For comparison between the healthy controls and dialysis group, either the one-tailed independent sample T-test or the Mann–Whitney U test was used: *p<0.05.