Table 1.
Summary of Studies Included in Meta-Analysis (k = 27)
| Study | Study Design (length of follow-up) |
Recruitment Setting | n | Age M (SD) |
Male (%) | Alcohol-Related Variables |
Key Finding(s) |
Included Effect Size(s) Converted to r |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Borrell et al., 2010 | Cross-sectional | Community | 1839 | — | 47% | Heavy/binge | ns | 0.17 |
| Borrell et al., 2007 | Longitudinal (8yrs) | Community | 1507 | 40 (4) | 41% | Heavy/binge | + | 0.03 |
| Borrell et al., 2013 | Longitudinal (13yrs) | Community | 1169 | 40 (4) | 28% | Heavy/binge | ns | 0.02 |
| Boynton et al., 2014 | Cross-sectional | School | 619 | 20 (2) | 47% | Consumption; consequences | ns; + | 0.11; 0.47 |
| Caldwell et al., 2013 | Cross-sectional | Community | 332 | 37 (8) | 100% | Consumption | ns | 0.09 |
| Desalu et al., 2017 | Cross-sectional | School | 251 | 20 (4) | 34% | Heavy/binge; consequences | ns; + | −.01; 0.30 |
| Factor et al., 2013 | Cross-sectional | Community | 200 | 44 (15) | 46% | Consumption | + | 0.08 |
| Gibbons et al., 2014 | Longitudinal (~6yrs) | Community | 680 | 37 | 0% | Consequences | + | 0.17 |
| Hunte & Barry, 2012 | Cross-sectional | Community | 5008 | 42 | 44% | AUD | + | 0.01 |
| Hurd et al., 2014 | Longitudinal (4yrs) | School | 607 | 20 (0.65) | 47% | Consumption | + | 0.21 |
| Kwate et al., 2010 | Cross-sectional | Community | 139 | 34(8) | 0% | Heavy/binge; At-risk drinking | ns; + | −0.10; 0.07 |
| Kwate et al., 2003 | Cross-sectional | Community | 71 | 44 | 0% | Consumption | + | 0.40 |
| Madkour et al., 2015 | Cross-sectional | Community | 657 | 21 | 55% | Heavy/binge | + | 0.11 |
| McLaughlin et al., 2010 | Cross-sectional | Community | 6587 | — | — | AUD | + | 0.16 |
| Mulia & Zemore 2012 | Cross-sectional | Community | 504 | 44 | — | Heavy/binge; AUD | ns; NA | 0.05; 0.13 |
| O’Hara et al., 2015 | Longitudinal (30 days) | School | 441 | 20 (2) | 42% | Consumption | ns | 0.14 |
| Respress et al., 2013 | Cross-sectional | School | 514 | — | — | Heavy/binge | ns | −0.03 |
| Sanders-Phillips et al., 2014 | Cross-sectional | School | 567 | 16 (1) | 39% | Consumption | + | 0.06 |
| Shariff-Marco et al., 2009 | Cross-sectional | Community | 2361 | — | — | Heavy/binge | ns | 0.12 |
| Smith & Taylor, 2015 | Cross-sectional | School | 201 | — | 100% | Consumption | + | 0.12 |
| Squires et al., 2017 | Cross-sectional | Community | 203 | 44(12) | 68% | At-risk drinking | ns | 0.10 |
| Taylor & Jackson, 1990 | Cross-sectional | Community | 289 | — | 0% | Consumption | + | 0.10 |
| Thompson et al., 2016 | Cross-sectional | Community | 144 | 45 (16) | 48% | Heavy/binge; At-risk drinking | +; + | 0.07; 0.23 |
| Tran et al., 2010 | Cross-sectional | Community | 555 | — | 46% | Heavy/binge | ns | 0.12 |
| Yen et al., 1999(a) | Cross-sectional | Community | 477 | — | — | Consequences | + | 0.26 |
| Yen et al., 1999(b) | Cross-sectional | Community | 468 | — | — | Heavy/binge; At-risk drinking | +; + | 0.14; 0.19 |
| Zemore et al., 2011 | Cross-sectional | Community | 504 | 41 | — | Consequences | + | 0.09 |
Note. Consumption = alcohol consumption; AUD = alcohol use disorder; At-risk drinking measured by AUDIT-C or CAGE; length of assessment period of longitudinal studies indicated in parentheses; ns = non-significant; + = positive association; NA = not available (i.e., direct association not tested/reported)