Table 1.
Participant Clinical Characteristics.
| Clinical characteristic | All participants | Composite laboratory GDM Positive | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of participants | Value N (%) or Mean (SD) | Number of participants | Value N (%) or Mean (SD) | ||
| Age, (Years) | 592 | 27.8 (5.9) | 53 | 31.4 (6.8) | <0.001 |
| Family history of diabetes | 588 | 99 (16.8) | 52 | 13 (25.0) | 0.099 |
| Glycosuria (urine dipstick) | 592 | 6 (1.0) | 53 | 4 (7.6) | — |
| Mid upper arm circumference (cm) | 592 | 29.9 (4.2) | 53 | 31.9 (4.3) | <0.001 |
| Body height (cm) | 588 | 162.1 (6.6) | 52 | 160.7 (6.6) | 0.103 |
| Body weight (Kg) | 592 | 70.6 (15.8) | 53 | 76.8 (15.1) | 0.003 |
| BMI (Kg/m²) | 588 | 26.9 (5.8) | 52 | 29.5 (5.6) | 0.001 |
| Obstetric Characteristics | 53 | ||||
| Gestational at first visit (weeks) | 592 | 19.1 (5.6) | 53 | 20.8 (5.7) | 0.001 |
| Number of pregnancies including current 1 2 ≥3 |
592 | 173 (29.2) 196 (33.1) 223 (37.6) |
7 (13.2) 12 (22.6) 34 (64.2) |
0.007 (1 vs 2+) <0.001 (≤2 vs 3+) 0.415 (≤3 vs 4+) |
|
| Previous large for gestational age birth | 591 | 43 (7.3) | 53 | 8 (15.1) | 0.045 |
| Previous stillbirth | 592 | 32 (5.4) | 53 | 3 (5.7) | 1.000 |
| Previous congenital abnormalities | 591 | 0 (0) | 53 | 0 (0) | — |
| Previous GDM | 592 | 3 (0.5) | 53 | 1 (1.9) | — |
Note: Number of participants for each characteristic varies slightly due to missing values.