Fig. 4.

Effect of EGCG formulations on in vitro models (A) Flux of 15, 50, 150 and 500 μg/ml of EGCG/AA NPs-Rho across primary rat BMVECs within the initial 2 h. Data are showed as mean ± SD. At 1440 min values of each data set showed statistical difference to each of the other groups (p < 0.001, ANOVA). (B) FITC-dextran flux across primary rat BMVECs in the presence of 1.5, 5, 15, 50, 150 and 500 μg/ml EGCG, EGCG/AA NPs and equivalent amounts of empty NPs. Flux rates in the absence of drug were normalised to 1. Data are showed as mean ± SEM. (C) Normalised TEER real time measurement of BMVCEs monolayer in response to 1.5, 5, 15, 50, 150 and 500 μg/ml EGCG, EGCG/AA NPs and equivalent amounts of empty NPs (added at 2 h). Shown are mean ± SEM. (D) Claudin-5 (green) and DNA (blue) staining of BMVECs monolayer after exposure to 1.5, 5, 15, 50, 150 and 500 μg/ml EGCG, EGCG/AA NPs and equivalent amounts of empty NPs for 1 h. Scale bar 10 μm. (E) Evans Blue/Albumin leakage response in ex vivo rat brains treated on the indicated side with 1.5, 5, 15, 50, 150 and 500 μg/ml EGCG, EGCG/AA NPs or equivalent amounts of empty NPs for 1 h. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)