Differentiation of UC-MSCs, DPSCs, PDLSCs. (A) Alizarin red staining of these MSCs after osteogenic differentiation (original magnification ×40); (B) oil red staining of these MSCs after adipogenic differentiation (original magnification ×40). MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells; UC-MSCs, umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells; DPSCs, dental pulp stem cells; PDLSCs, periodontal ligament stem cells.