Table 3.
Short-term (30-day) morbidity of patients
| Characteristic | Phase I (n=271) | Phase II (n=229) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Any complications (%) | 19 (7.0) | 11 (4.8) | 0.31 |
| Minor (Clavien-Dingo I–II) | 16 (5.9) | 7 (3.1) | 0.08 |
| Tachyarrhythmia | 7 (2.6) | 0 (0) | |
| Prolonged air leak (>7 days) | 4 (1.5) | 0 (0) | |
| Atelectasis | 1 (0.4) | 1 (0.4) | |
| Surgical site infection | 0 (0) | 2 (0.9) | |
| Clostridium difficile colitis | 1 (0.4) | 1 (0.4) | |
| Othersa | 3 (1.1) | 3 (1.3) | |
| Major (Clavien-Dingo III–IV) | 3 (1.1) | 4 (1.8) | 0.33 |
| Pneumothorax requiring drainage | 2 (0.7) | 3 (1.3) | |
| Chylothorax requiring drainage | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0) | |
| Pleural effusion requiring drainage | 0 (0) | 1 (0.4) | |
| Mortality | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | – |
| Readmission | 4 (1.5) | 3 (1.3) | 0.88 |
Notes: a Phase I includes delirium, temporary (reversible) paralysis of the recurrent nerve and chest wall bleeding. Phase II includes Clostridium difficile colitis, acute laryngitis, and thrombosis at the stump of the left upper superior vein.