Table 2. Cytokine and chemokine concentrations in serum of the Wistar rat.
| Cytokine/chemokine | Placebo timepoint 13-week | T+E2 timepoint 13-week | Placebo timepoint 18-week |
T+E2 timepoint 18-week |
Significance (P) between timepoints within treatments | Significance (P) between treatments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leptin (ng/mL) | 33.6±6.2 | 14.6±3.4 | 35.7±4.7 | 11.5±2.5 | NS | 0.014 (13-week), 0.0017 (18-week) |
| IL-1A (pg/mL) | 506±197 | 183±97 | 207±86 | 103±103 | NS | NS |
| IL-2 (pg/mL) | 25±11 | 76±42 | 29±14 | 23±12 | NS | NS |
| IL-4 (pg/mL) | 159±54 | 79±39 | 143±43 | 125±41 | NS | NS |
| IL-10 (pg/mL) | 156±63 | 10±10 | 138±54 | 0±0 | NS | NS (P=0.062, 13 weeks), NS (P=0.081, 18 weeks) |
| IL-12p70 (pg/mL) | 174±25 | 163±15 | 156±20 | 191±21 | NS | NS |
| IL-18 (pg/mL) | 425±104 | 394±94 | 179±60 | 74±35 | NS | NS |
| CCL5 (ng/mL) | 82.9±9.3 | 16.9±3.3 | 83.1±9.1 | 11.8±5.8 | NS | <0.0001 (13 weeks), <0.0001 (18 weeks) |
| Eotaxin (pg/mL) | 246±47 | 211±7 | 228±19 | 220±22 | NS | NS |
| GRO-KC (pg/mL) | 756±130 | 518±165 | 704±109 | 406±106 | NS | NS |
| MCP-1 (pg/mL) | 593±55 | 557±69 | 612±54 | 567±54 | NS | NS |
| VEGF (pg/mL) | 240±11 | 210±10 | 235±7 | 201±11 | NS | NS (P=0.085, 13 weeks), 0.039 (18 weeks) |
Concentration values are represented as mean and SEM (as ng/mL for Leptin and CCL5, others as pg/mL). NS, non-significant. P values >0.05 but <0.1 are shown also as exact values. Samples with concentrations <0.24 pg/mL were under the detection limit and considered as 0 ng/mL for statistical comparisons. Placebo: n=11, T+E2: n=9.