Solution structure of RALF8. The protein is dynamically disordered with the exception of two ordered loops that are held together by disulfide bridges. The C21–C29 loop (red) is more ordered than the C41–C47 loop (magenta), and the two ordered regions are independently ordered. (a) The 20 best structures for backbone atoms of RALF8 overlaid with reference to the structured residues in the C21–C29 loop. (b) The 20 best structures for backbone atoms of RALF8 overlaid with reference to the structured residues in the C41–C47 loop. (c) Structured C21–C29 loop region (white, hydrogen; blue, nitrogen; red double stick, oxygen; red, carbon; and gold, disulfide bond). (d) Structured C41–C47 loop region (white, hydrogen; blue, nitrogen; red double stick, oxygen; magenta, carbon; and gold, disulfide bond). The dotted lines represent NOEs used in determining the structures.