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Vaccarin inhibited ox-LDL-induced ROS production and p38 MAPK signaling activation in HUVECs. HUVECs treated with ox-LDL (100 μg/ml) with or without vaccarin (5 μM) for 24 h. A. Intracellular levels of ROS were detected by DCFH-DA fluorescence (×200). B. Intracellular ROS fluorescence values. C. The phosphorylated and total p38 protein levels. D. Quantification of the related bands. Values are mean ± S.D. *P < 0.05 vs control, #P < 0.05 vs ox-LDL, n = 3/group.
