Figure 1.

Exenatide ameliorated advanced glycation end products (AGEs)-induced oxidative stress in human primary chondrocytes. Human primary chondrocytes were stimulated with 100 μg/ml AGEs in the presence or absence of exendin-4 (a form of exenatide) at the concentrations of 10 and 20 nM for 24 h. A. Intracellular ROS was determined by DCFH-DA staining; Scale bar, 100 μm; B. Intracellular GSH levels were determined by a fluorometric assay (a, b, c, P < 0.01 vs. previous column group).