GA inhibits lung inflammatory injury through autophagy activation in vivo. (A) The pulmonary edema was evaluated by the lung weight coefficient. (B) The histopathological changes of lung tissues were examined using H&E staining (magnification ×400), and (C) morphological damage score for the lung tissues. (D, E) The mRNA levels of TNF-α and IL-1β detected using qRT-PCR. (F) The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and HMGB1 were assessed by Western blotting. (G-I) Quantitative analysis of TNF-α, IL-1β, and HMGB1 were shown in bar graphs. (J) The representative pictures of immunohistochemical analysis of HMGB1 protein expression. The experiments were performed four independent times (n=4) and bars represented as mean ± SEM. *
P < 0.05, **
P < 0.01, ***
P < 0.001 compared with control group. #
P < 0.05, ##
P < 0.01, ###
P < 0.001 in comparison to LPS group. &P < 0.05, &&P < 0.01 versus the GA + LPS group.