Table 2.
Results of the Specification-Curve Analysis Bootstrapping Tests for the Irish, U.S., and U.K. Data Sets
| Technology measure | Ireland |
United States |
United Kingdom |
Aggregate |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median point
estimate |
Share of significant results
in predominant direction |
Median point
estimate |
Share of significant results
in predominant direction |
Median point
estimate |
Share of significant results
in predominant direction |
Median point estimate
(β) |
Share of significant results
in predominant direction |
|||||||
| β | p | Number | p | β | p | Number | p | β | p | Number | p | |||
| Participation: weekend | 0.02 [−0.02, 0.05] |
.31 | 0 | 1.00 | −0.01 [−0.07, 0.05] |
.47 | 0 | 1.00 | 0.01 [−0.01, 0.02] |
.28 | 1 | .32 | 0.01 | 1 |
| Participation: weekday | −0.01 [−0.03, 0.01] |
.16 | 0 | 1.00 | 0.03 [−0.05, 0.10] |
.32 | 0 | 1.00 | 0.02* [0.00, 0.04] |
.01* | 2* | .02* | 0.01 | 2 |
| Less than 2 hr: weekend | 0.02 [−0.02, 0.02] |
.27 | 0 | 1.00 | −0.07 [−0.11, 0.05] |
.04 | 0 | 1.00 | 0.04* [0.00, 0.03] |
.00* | 4* | .00* | 0.00 | 4 |
| Less than 2 hr: weekday | −0.01 [−0.02, 0.01] |
.39 | 0 | 1.00 | −0.07 [−0.14, 0.00] |
.08 | 0 | 1.00 | 0.02 [0.00, 0.03] |
.01 | 1 | .27 | 0.00 | 1 |
| Less than 1 hr: weekend | 0.00 [−0.01, 0.05] |
.91 | 0 | 1.00 | −0.13* [−0.15, 0.00] |
.00* | 2* | .01* | 0.03* [0.02, 0.05] |
.00* | 4* | .00* | 0.00 | 4 |
| Less than 1 hr: weekday | 0.00 [−0.04, 0.00] |
.65 | 0 | 1.00 | −0.03 [−0.12, 0.04] |
.77 | 0 | 1.00 | 0.02 [0.01, 0.04] |
.02 | 1 | .27 | 0.01 | 1 |
| Less than 30 min: weekend | −0.03 [−0.06, 0.00] |
.05 | 0 | 1.00 | −0.11 [−0.18, −0.03] |
.00 | 1 | .30 | 0.02* [0.00, 0.03] |
.01* | 2* | .01* | −0.02 | 2 |
| Less than 30 min: weekday | −0.02 [−0.03, 0.04] |
.01 | 0 | 1.00 | −0.03 [−0.20, −0.06] |
.81 | 1 | .20 | 0.03* [0.01, 0.05] |
.00* | 3* | .00* | 0.00 | 3 |
| Time spent: weekend | −0.07* [−0.10, −0.04] |
.00* | 4* | .00* | −0.04 [−0.11, 0.05] |
.24 | 0 | 1.00 | 0.00 [−0.02, 0.01] |
.66 | 1 | .25 | −0.04 | 5 |
| Time spent: weekday | −0.06* [−0.08, −0.04] |
.00* | 4* | .00* | −0.01 [−0.09, 0.05] |
.74 | 0 | 1.00 | −0.04* [−0.06, −0.02] |
.00* | 4* | .00* | −0.04 | 8 |
| Self-report | −0.15* [−0.17, −0.13] |
.00* | 4* | .00* | 0.01 [−0.03, 0.05] |
.40 | 0 | 1.00 | −0.08* [−0.10, −0.07] |
.00* | 4* | .00* | −0.08 | 8 |
Note: Values in brackets are 95% confidence intervals. Asterisks indicate results in which both measures of significance are less than .05.