Table 1.
Baseline Clinical Characteristics
| Variable | All Patients (n=749) | Patients With No Recurrence (n=719) | Patients With Recurrence (n=30) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 70±10 | 70±11 | 68±13 | 0.30 |
| Women | 676 (90.2) | 651 (90.5) | 25 (83.3) | 0.19 |
| Hypertension | 596 (70.1) | 491 (68.3) | 25 (86.7) | 0.03 |
| Current smoking | 187 (22.7) | 159 (22.1) | 10 (33.3) | 0.15 |
| Malignancy | 123 (13.9) | 95 (13.2) | 3 (10.0) | 0.61 |
| Stressful event | 526 (70.2) | 505 (70.2) | 21 (70.0) | 0.98 |
| Emotional | 290 (38.7) | 281 (39.1) | 9 (30.0) | 0.31 |
| Physical | 238 (31.8) | 224 (31.1) | 12 (40.0) | 0.10 |
| Ballooning pattern | ||||
| Apical | 616 (82.2) | 590 (82.4) | 26 (86.7) | 0.54 |
| Midventricular | 134 (17.8) | 129 (17.9) | 5 (16.7) | 0.86 |
| Basal | 17 (2.3) | 17 (2.4) | 0 (0.0) | 1.00 |
| Focal | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1.00 |
| LVEF, % | 40 (15–71) | 40 (15–71) | 40 (25–59) | 0.87 |
| Time of hospitalization, d | 8 (1–96) | 8 (1–96) | 6 (2–16) | 0.29 |
| Follow‐up LVEF, % | 53 (20–77) | 53 (20–77) | 54 (40–72) | 0.58 |
Data are presented as number (percentage) of patients, mean±SD for normal distribution, and median (interquartile range) for nonnormal distribution. P values were calculated for the comparison between patients with Takotsubo syndrome and recurrence. LVEF indicates left ventricular ejection fraction.