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. 2019 Apr 24;8(9):e010920. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.118.010920

Table 1.

Included Study Characteristics

Author Year Procedure Institution Country Study Design No. Participants (Postoperative MRI) SBI FND MRI Strength MRI Follow‐Up (Postoperative Day)
Kahlert13 2010 TAVI University hospital, Essen Germany Prospective cohort compared with retrospective cohort 32 27 0 1.5T 2 to 5
Ghanem14 2010 TAVI University of Bonn Germany Prospective cohort 22 16 2 1.5T 2.2±0.4
Arnold26 2010 TAVI University Hospital Erlangen Germany Prospective cohort 25 17 2 1.5T 6±2
Rodés‐Cabau27 2011 TAVI Laval University Canada Prospective cohort 60 41 2 1.5T 4±1
Astarci28 (group 1) 2011 TAVI University Hospital Saint‐Luc Belgium Prospective cohort 35 32 0 3T 2 to 5
Fairbarin29 2012 TAVI University of Leeds UK Prospective cohort 31 24 2 1.5T 5±1.55
Ghanem30 2012 TAVI University of Bonn Germany Prospective cohort 39 28 4 1.5T 3±1
Ghanem16 2013 TAVI University of Bonn Germany Prospective cohort 56 36 0 1.5T 3±1
Alassar12 (group 2) 2015 TAVI St Georges Hospital, London UK Prospective cohort 62 47 1 NA 6
Samim31 2015 TAVI University medical centre, Utrecht The Netherlands Prospective cohort 42 38 1 3T 1 to 5
Uddin17 (group 2) 2015 TAVI University of Leeds UK Prospective cohort 70 54 2 1.5T 1 to 7
Altisent18 (group 2) 2016 TAVI Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Spain Prospective cohort 40 18 0 1.5T 6.5±3.5
Lansky20 2016 TAVI Yale University School of Medicine USA Prospective cohort 34 32 8 NA 4±2
Fanning21 2016 TAVI The Prince Charles Hospital Australia Prospective cohort 30 18 1 1.5T 3±1
Ghanem32 2017 TAVI University Hospital Bonn Germany Prospective cohort 27 17 0 NA 1 to 3
Knipp33 2013 TAVI University Hospital, Essen Germany Prospective cohort 28 7 0 1.5T Predischarge
Hamon34 2007 PCI University Hospital of Caen France Prospective cohort 41 2 0 1.5T 1
Murai35 2008 PCI Osaka Medical College Japan Prospective cohort 101 26 0 3T 3±1
Schwarz15 (Group 1) 2011 PCI Justus Liebig University Giessen Germany Prospective cohort 75 1 0 1.5T 2 to 4
Deveci36 2016 PCI Cukurova University Turkey Prospective cohort 30 12 0 1.5T 1
Lund37 2005 PCI Rikshospitalet University Hospital Norway Prospective cohort 42 5 1 1.5T 1
Busing38 2005 PCI University Hospital Mannheim Germany Prospective cohort 48 7 0 1.5T 1 to 2
Ohi39 2013 PCI Gifu Uni versity Graduate School of Medicine Japan Prospective cohort 111 20 0 1.5T 1 to 7
Hamon40 2012 PCI University Hospital of Caen France Prospective cohort 160 24 2 1.5T 1 to 2
Kim41 2012 PCI University of Ulsan College of Medicine Republic of Korea Retrospective cohort 272 45 0 NA 1 to 7
Kim42 2011 PCI Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center Republic of Korea Prospective cohort 197 20 0 3T 1 to 1
Friday43 2005 OPCAB Lankenau Hospital USA Prospective cohort 16 5 0 1.5T 4 to 14
Djaiani44 (group 2) 2006 OPCAB University of Toronto Canada Case‐control 13 0 0 NA 3 to 7
Folyd45 (group 2) 2006 Mixed CTSx Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania USA Prospective cohort 34 0 0 1.5T 6±2
Cook46 2007 Mixed CTSx Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania USA Prospective cohort 50 16 4 1.5T 4.5±1.5
Barber47 2008 Mixed CTSx University of Auckland New Zealand Prospective cohort 36 15 1 1.5T 1 to 5
Knipp48 2017 Mixed CTSx University hospital, Essen Germany Prospective cohort compared with retrospective cohort 36 19 0 1.5T Predischarge
Knipp49 2005 Mixed CTSx University Clinic of Essen Germany Prospective cohort 30 14 0 1.5T 5.0±1.4
Bendszus50 2002 CABG University of Wurzburg Germany Prospective cohort 35 9 0 1.5T 3
Restrepo51 2002 CABG Johns Hopkins USA Prospective cohort 13 4 1 NA 4±1.6
Knipp52 2004 CABG University Hospital, Essen Germany Prospective cohort 29 13 0 1.5T Predischarge
Djaiani53 2004 CABG Toronto General Hospital Canada Prospective cohort 50 8 1 NA 3 to 7
Djaiani44 (group 1) 2006 CABG University of Toronto Canada Case‐control 13 8 1 NA 3 to 7
Knipp54 2008 CABG University clinic of Essen Germany Prospective cohort 39 20 0 1.5T Predischarge
Schwarz15 (group 2) 2011 CABG Justus Liebig University Giessen Germany Prospective cohort 39 7 0 1.5T 2 to 4
Nah55 2014 CABG University of Ulsan College of Medicine South Korea Prospective cohort 127 35 4 1.5T 3
Gerriets56 2010 CABG Justus Liebig University Giessen Germany Prospective cohort 86 13 0 1.5T 1 to 3
Stolz57 2004 AVR Kerckhoff Klinik Germany Prospective cohort 14 3 NA 1 to 6
Folyd45 (group 1) 2006 AVR Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania USA Prospective cohort 37 6 2 1.5T 6±2
Astarci28 (group 2) 2011 AVR University Hospital Saint‐Luc Belgium Prospective cohort 13 1 0 3T 2 to 5
Alassar12 (Group 1) 2015 AVR St Georges Hospital, London UK Prospective cohort 32 23 1 NA 6
Uddin17 (group 1) 2015 AVR University of Leeds UK Prospective cohort 38 17 1 1.5T 1 to 7
Altisent18 (group 1) 2016 AVR Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Spain Prospective cohort 27 11 0 1.5T 9±3
Messe58 2015 AVR Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania USA Prospective cohort 129 79 20 1.5T 6.35±2.25

AVR indicates aortic valve replacement; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; FND, focal neurological deficit; Mixed CTSx, mixed cardiothoracic surgical group; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; NA, not available; OPCAB, off‐pump coronary artery bypass; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; SBI, silent brain infarct; TAVI, transcatheter aortic valve implantation.