Memon 2011

Methods	RCT.
Participants	Inclusion: women > 18 years of age undergoing cesarean section. Exclusion: allergy to iodine solution, bleeding placenta previa. Setting: Hyderabad, Pakistan.
Interventions	Intervention: 10% pyodine soaked pieces of gauze (3) used for vaginal scrub immediately before cesarean from vaginal apex to introitus with attention to vaginal walls (n = 100). Control: no vaginal cleansing (n = 100). Intention to treat ‐ unclear.
Outcomes	Postoperative febrile morbidity (oral temperature of 38 degrees C after 1st 24 hours of surgery). Endometritis (postoperative fever with uterine tenderness and foul smelling lochia requiring broad spectrum antibiotic therapy). Wound complications (infection at surgical site ‐ seroma, hematoma, and disruption of abdominal incision ‐ that required parenteral antibiotics and wound care. Composite infectious morbidity ‐ a sum of the 3 outcomes above.
Notes	February to July 2010. Funding source: not stated Author declarations of interest: not stated
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Stated "randomly assigned" with no other details.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not stated.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not stated.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Stated that physician evaluating the data was unaware of any woman's participation.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Appeared to be complete data on all participants.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	No evidence of selective reporting.
Other bias	Low risk	No evidence of other bias. Poorly defined composite infectious morbidity overall outcome appears to be the sum of endometritis, fever, and wound infection.