Summary for the risk of perinatal (fetal and neonatal death) mortality for infants born to mothers with GDM

No conclusions possible: low‐ to very low‐quality evidence, or insufficient evidence to comment on the effectiveness, more evidence needed Moderate‐quality evidence found no clear difference for insulin versus diet. Low‐quality evidence showed no clear difference for energy‐ versus no energy‐restricted diet; lifestyle intervention versus usual care or diet alone or insulin versus oral anti‐diabetic pharmacological therapies. Very low‐quality evidence showed no clear difference for induction of labour versus expectant management; glibenclamide versus acarbose; metformin versus glibenclamide; exercise versus control; low‐diet versus high‐carbohydrate diet; insulin regimen A versus B or managed with telemedicine versus standard care; continuous‐ versus self‐monitoring blood glucose or self‐ versus periodic‐glucose monitoring