2. Overview of included studies.
| Study | Design | N | Disease status | Target antigen | Type of intervention |
| Antonilli 2016 | Uncontrolled phase I/II | 10 | No evidence of disease (n = 7) + recurrent disease (n = 3) | MUC1 ± ErbB2 ± CEA | Multi‐peptide vaccine |
| Baumann 2011 | RCT | 45 | Evidence of disease after first‐ and/or second‐line chemotherapy | EpCAM | Antibody (low dose vs high dose) |
| Berek 2001 | RCT | 252 | No evidence of disease after primary surgery and chemotherapy | CA‐125 | Antibody vs placebo |
| Berek 2004 | RCT | 145 | No evidence of disease after primary surgery and chemotherapy | CA‐125 | Antibody vs placebo |
| Berek 2009 | RCT | 317 | No evidence of disease after primary surgery and chemotherapy | CA‐125 | Antibody vs placebo |
| Berinstein 2012 | Uncontrolled phase I | 6 | (No) evidence of disease after primary surgery | Topoisomerase IIα, integrin β8 subunit precursor, ABI‐binding protein C3, TACE/ADAM17, junction plakglobin, EDDR1, BAP31 | Short peptides |
| Berinstein 2013 | Uncontrolled phase I | 19 | Unknown | Survivin | Short peptides |
| Braly 2009 | RCT | 40 | (No) evidence of disease after primary surgery | CA‐125 | Antibody (concurrent or delayed with standard chemotherapy) |
| Brossart 2000 | Uncontrolled phase I/II | 3 | Residual or recurrent disease | Her‐2/Neu or MUC1 | Peptide‐pulsed dendritic cells |
| Buzzonetti 2014 | RCT | 129 | No evidence of disease after primary treatment | CA‐125 | Antibody vs placebo |
| Chianese‐Bullock 2008 | Uncontrolled phase I | 9 | (No) evidence of disease or recurrence after primary therapy | FBP, Her‐2/Neu, MAGE‐A1 | Multi‐peptide vaccine |
| Chu 2012 | RCT | 11 | No evidence of disease after primary therapy or surgery for first recurrence | Her‐2/Neu, hTERT, PADRE | Peptide‐pulsed dendritic cells (with vs without cyclophosphamide) |
| Dhodapkar 2012 | Uncontrolled phase I | 6 | Unknown | NY‐ESO‐1 | Fusion protein |
| Diefenbach 2008 | Uncontrolled phase I | 9 | No evidence of disease after primary surgery and chemotherapy | NY‐ESO‐1 | Short peptide |
| Dijkgraaf 2015 | Uncontrolled phase I/II | 15 | Evidence of disease | P53 | Synthetic long peptides |
| Ehlen 2005 | Uncontrolled phase II | 13 | Measurable recurrent disease | CA‐125 | Antibody |
| Freedman 1998 | RCT | 30 | Unknown | Sialyl‐Tn | KLH conjugate (low dose vs high dose) |
| Galanis 2010 | Uncontrolled phase I | 21 | Persistent, recurrent, or progressive disease after primary therapy | CEA | Recombinant virus |
| Goh 2013 | RCT | 63 | No evidence of disease after first‐ or second‐line therapy | MUC1 | Protein‐pulsed dendritic cells vs standard of care |
| Gordon 2004 | Uncontrolled phase II | 20 | Recurrent disease | CA‐125 | Antibody |
| Gray 2016 | Randomised phase II | 56 | First or second clinical remission | MUC1 | Dendritic cell therapy |
| Gribben 2005 | Uncontrolled phase I | 6 | Evidence of disease | CYP1B1 | Plasmid DNA |
| Gulley 2008 | Uncontrolled phase I/II | 3 | Progressive disease after standard chemotherapy | CEA, MUC1 | Recombinant virus |
| Heiss 2010 | RCT | 129 | Recurrent malignant ascites | EpCAM | Antibody + paracentesis vs paracentesis |
| Imhof 2013 | Uncontrolled phase I | 15 | No evidence of disease after primary therapy | TERT, survivin | mRNA‐ and peptide‐pulsed dendritic cells |
| Kaumaya 2009 | Uncontrolled phase I | 5 | Evidence of disease after prior therapy | Her‐2/Neu | Long peptides |
| Kawano 2014 | Uncontrolled phase II | 42 | Recurrent and persistent disease | Personalised (max 4 out of 31 vaccine candidates) | Peptides |
| Kobayashi 2014 | Uncontrolled trial | 56 | Recurrent disease | WT1 ± MUC1 ± CA‐125 | Peptide‐pulsed DC vaccine |
| Le 2012 | Uncontrolled phase I | 2 | Evidence of disease after prior therapy | Mesothelin | Recombinant bacteria |
| Leffers 2009a | Uncontrolled phase II | 20 | Recurrent disease | p53 | Long peptides |
| Lennerz 2014 | Uncontrolled randomised phase I | 7 | (No) evidence of disease | Survivin | Five short peptides |
| Letsch 2011 | Uncontrolled | 8 | Unknown | WT1 | Short peptide |
| Ma 2002 | Uncontrolled | 4 | Unknown | CA‐125 | Antibody |
| MacLean 1992 | Uncontrolled phase I | 10 | Residual or recurrent disease | Thomsen Friedenreich | KLH conjugate |
| MacLean 1996 | Uncontrolled phase II | 34 | Residual or recurrent disease | Sialyl‐Tn | KLH conjugate |
| Method 2002 | RCT | 102 | Unknown | CA‐125 | Antibody (2 vs 3 vs 6 gifts) |
| Möbus 2003 | Retrospective uncontrolled | 44 | Recurrent disease after primary therapy | CA‐125 | Antibody |
| Mohebtash 2011 | Uncontrolled | 14 | Recurrent or residual disease after therapy | CEA, MUC1 | Recombinant virus |
| Morse 2011 | Uncontrolled phase I | 8 | No evidence of disease after first‐ or second‐line chemotherapy | APC, HHR6A, BAP31, replication protein A, Abl‐binding protein 3c, cyclin I, topoisomerase IIα/β, integrin β 8 subunit precursor, CDC2, TACE, g‐catenin, EEDDR1 | Short peptides |
| Nicholson 2004 | Uncontrolled phase I | 26 | Residual disease after primary therapy or second complete remission | MUC1 | Antibody |
| Nishikawa 2006 | Uncontrolled phase II | 4 | Unknown | NY‐ESO‐1 | Short peptide |
| Noujaim 2001 | Retrospective uncontrolled | 184 | Recurrent disease | CA‐125 | Antibody |
| O'Cearbhaill 2016 | Uncontrolled phase I | 24 | No evidence of disease | Globo‐H, GM2, sTn, TF, and Tn | Unimolecular pentavalent vaccine |
| Odunsi 2007 | Uncontrolled phase I | 18 | (No) evidence of disease after chemotherapy for primary or recurrent disease | NY‐ESO‐1 | Short peptide |
| Odunsi 2012 | Uncontrolled phase I/II | 22 | No evidence of disease after primary therapy | NY‐ESO‐1 | Recombinant virus |
| Odunsi 2014 | Uncontrolled phase I/II | 12 | Recurrent epithelial cancer | NY‐ESO‐1 | Protein vaccine with Montanide |
| Ohno 2009 | Uncontrolled phase II | 6 | Unknown | WT1 | Short peptide |
| Peethambaram 2009 | Uncontrolled phase II | 4 | Progressive disease after therapy |
Her‐2/Neu | Fusion protein pulsed antigen‐presenting cells |
| Pfisterer 2006 | Uncontrolled phase I | 36 | Unknown | CA‐125 | Antibody |
| Rahma 2012 | Uncontrolled phase II | 21 | No evidence of disease | p53 | Short peptide vs peptide‐pulsed dendritic cells |
| Reinartz 2004 | Uncontrolled phase Ib/II | 119 | Unknown | CA‐125 | Antibody |
| Sabbatini 2000 | Uncontrolled phase I | 25 | No evidence of disease after chemotherapy for primary or recurrent disease | MUC1 | KLH conjugate |
| Sabbatini 2006 | RCT | 42 | (No) evidence of disease (< 2 cm) after chemotherapy for recurrent disease | CA‐125 | Antibody (intramuscular vs subcutaneous) |
| Sabbatini 2007 | Uncontrolled phase I/II | 11 | No evidence of disease after chemotherapy for primary or recurrent disease | GM2, Globo‐H, Lewis Y, Tn‐MUC1, Tn(c), sTN(c), TF(c) | Heptavalent KLH conjugate |
| Sabbatini 2012 | Uncontrolled phase I | 28 | No evidence of disease after second‐ or third‐line therapy | NY‐ESO‐1 | Long peptides |
| Sabbatini 2013 | RCT | 888 | No evidence of disease after primary therapy | CA‐125 | Antibody vs placebo |
| Sabbatini 2017 | RCT | 171 | No evidence of disease after second‐ or third‐line therapy | Globo‐H, GM2, MUC1‐TN, TF | Polyvalent antigen‐KLH vaccine |
| Sandmaier 1999 | Uncontrolled phase II | 7 | Unknown | Sialyl‐Tn | KLH conjugate |
| Schultes 1998 | Retrospective uncontrolled | 75 | Unknown | CA‐125 | Antibody |
| Ströhlein 2009 | Uncontrolled phase I | 2 | Progressive disease | EpCAM or Her‐2/Neu | Trifunctional antibody |
| Suzuki 2016 | Uncontrolled phase II | 32 | Unknown | Glypican‐3 (GCP3) | Peptide vaccine |
| Takeoka 2017 | Uncontrolled phase I | 2 | Advanced cancer | NY‐ESO‐1 | Whole protein vaccine |
| Takeuchi 2013 | Uncontrolled phase I/II | 38 | Unknown | HLA‐A24: FOXM1, MELK, HJURP, VEGFR1, VEGFR2; HLA‐A02: HIG2, VEGFR1, VEGFR2 | Short peptides |
| Tsuda 2004 | Uncontrolled phase I/II | 7 | (No) evidence of disease | Patient‐tailored cocktail | Multi‐peptide vaccine |
| van Zanten‐Przybysz 2002 | Uncontrolled phase I/II | 5 | Residual or recurrent disease after prior chemotherapy | Membrane folate receptor | Antibody |
| Vermeij 2012 | Uncontrolled phase II | 12 | Recurrent disease | p53 | Long peptides |
| Wagner 1993 | Retrospective uncontrolled | 58 | Unknown | CA‐125 | Antibody |
APC: Adenomatous polyposis coli. CA‐125: cancer antigen‐125. CDC2: Cell division control protein 2. CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen. ED: Evidence of disease. EPCAM: epithelial cell adhesion molecule. ERbB2: Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 2. FBP: Folate binding protein. HLA: human leucocyte antigen. hTERT: telomerase reverse transcriptase. MAGE‐A1: melanoma‐associated antigen A1. MUC1: Mucin‐1. NED: No evidence of disease. NY‐ESO‐1: New York esophageal squamous cell carcinoma 1. PADRE: DR‐restricted Th helper epitope. RCT: randomised controlled trial. sTn: sialyl Tn. TERT: Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase. TF: Thompson Friedreich.