Ishii 2016.
Methods | RCT, parallel design, single‐centre | |
Participants |
Total number of randomized participants: 59 Inclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria
Type of surgery: elective gastrectomy, colectomy, or rectectomy Baseline characteristics TIVA group
Inhalational maintenance group
Country: Japan Setting: single‐centre |
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Interventions |
TIVA group Participants: n = 29; 0 losses Induction details: insertion of epidural catheter, then induction with propofol 1 mg/kg to 1.5 mg/kg Maintenance details: propofol to maintain BIS 40 to 60 Other information: intraoperative analgesia given with injection of fentanyl or continuous infusion of 0.25% ropivacaine (6 mL/hour) Inhalational maintenance groups Participants: n = 30; 0 losses Induction details: insertion of epidural catheter, then induction with propofol 1 mg/kg to 1.5 mg/kg Maintenance details: sevoflurane to maintain BIS 40 to 60 Other information: analgesia same as TIVA group |
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Outcomes |
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Notes |
Funding/declarations of interest: not reported Study dates: July 2009 to December 2010 |
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Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Participants were randomized to groups; no additional details. |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | No details |
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes | High risk | Not feasible to blind anaesthetists to intervention groups |
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Assessment done by ICU nurses blinded to group assignment |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | No apparent losses |
Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Unclear risk | Study authors do not report clinical trials registration. Not feasible to judge risk of selective outcome reporting |
Other bias | Unclear risk | No other sources of bias noted. However, report is short with limited detail on anaesthetic regimen |