TABLE 3.

Predictors of intima–media thickness and brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity at follow-up and progression in stepwise multivariable regression analysis

	IMT 2013		IMT 2017		IMT progression		baPWV 2013		baPWV 2017		baPWV progression
	β	P value	β	P value	β	P value	β	P value	β	P value	β	P value
Age (years)	0.193	0.007	0.096	0.158	−0.038	0.582	−0.046	0.467	0.040	0.495	0.103	0.143
Sex (M/F)	−0.09	0.201	−0.263	<0.001	−0.163	0.021	−0.037	0.593	−0.093	0.148	−0.056	0.440
Current smoking (%)	0.077	0.274	−0.140	0.119	−0.164	0.075	0.094	0.156	0.110	0.071	−0.008	0.909
Alcohol consumption (%)	0.026	0.717	0.018	0.830	0.045	0.596	0.087	0.188	<0.001	1.000	−0.092	0.196
Hypertension, n (%)	0.072	0.309	0.023	0.736	−0.027	0.703	0.018	0.828	0.083	0.273	0.043	0.545
Diabetes mellitus, n (%)	0.038	0.588	−0.123	0.072	−0.131	0.060	0.085	0.176	0.021	0.720	−0.083	0.235
BMI (kg/m2)	0.091	0.209	0.107	0.119	0.027	0.703	−0.055	0.419	0.032	0.605	0.114	0.113
Heart rate (bpm)	0.082	0.242	−0.128	0.063	−0.178	0.012	0.006	0.921	−0.005	0.931	−0.028	0.691
SBP (mmHg)	0.056	0.43	−0.092	0.221	−0.0981	0.233	0.409	<0.001	0.506	<0.001	0.017	0.819
DBP (mmHg)	−0.007	0.923	0.001	0.984	0.012	0.868	0.086	0.317	0.077	0.335	−0.015	0.838
Fasting glucose (mmol/l)	−0.033	0.638	0.013	0.850	0.034	0.629	−0.048	0.457	0.020	0.741	0.068	0.335
Total cholesterol (mmol/l)	0.084	0.231	0.024	0.731	−0.028	0.690	0.041	0.529	−0.028	0.644	0.147	0.281
Triglycerides (mmol/l)	0.023	0.747	0.083	0.231	0.123	0.089	0.159	0.014	0.188	0.002	−0.005	0.943
LDL-cholesterol (mmol/l)	0.090	0.201	0.016	0.814	−0.044	0.545	0.045	0.495	−0.090	0.142	−0.142	0.045
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l)	0.112	0.112	−0.036	0.605	−0.103	0.143	0.076	0.236	0.020	0.741	0.058	0.588
C-reactive protein (μmol/l)	−0.009	0.896	0.023	0.741	−0.009	0.893	0.038	0.754	0.550	0.095	0.029	0.678
Homocysteine (μmol/l)	0.037	0.600	−0.014	0.845	<0.001	0.997	0.061	0.335	0.027	0.655	−0.063	0.377

baPWV, brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity; IMT, intima–media thickness.

Bold indicates statistically significant results.