| Outcome measure |
Abbreviation |
Reference |
Type of measure |
Brief description |
Used in |
| Depression rating scales |
| Hamilton Depression Rating Scale |
HAMD |
Hamilton 1960 |
depressive symptom levels |
Clinician‐rated, multiple choice rating scale of depressive symptom severity designed to be sensitive to change with treatment in the general adult population. |
Reifler 1989, Petracca 1996, Petracca 2001, Lyketsos 2003
|
| Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia |
CSDD |
Alexopoulos 1988 |
depressive symptom levels |
For the diagnosis of depression in patients with a dementia syndrome administered by a clinician. It takes 20 minutes with the carer and 10 minutes with the patient. The scale has 19 items, rated on a 3 point scale: absent, mild or intermittent and severe, based on the week prior to the interview. |
Lyketsos 2003, Weintraub 2010Banerjee 2011, |
| Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale |
MADRS |
Montgomery 1979 |
depressive symptom levels |
A 10‐item clinician‐rated diagnostic questionnaire to measure the severity of depressive symptomatology in mood disorders. |
de Vasconcelos 2007 |
| Geriatric Depression Scale |
GDS |
Yesavage 1982 |
depressive symptom levels |
A 30‐item, self‐report assessment used to identify depression in the elderly. The simple response format (yes/no questions) makes it more suitable for use in those with cognitive impairment. |
Fuchs 1993 |
| Cognitive measure |
| Mini‐mental State Examination |
MMSE |
Folstein 1975 |
level of cognitive functioning |
A 30‐point clinician‐administered cognitive test for cognitive impairment, assessing orientation, concentration, memory, language, and visuo‐spatial function. Higher scores indicate better functioning. |
All included studies |
| Activities of daily living |
| Psychogeriatric dependency rating scales ‐ ADL subscale |
PGDRS‐ADL |
Wilkinson 1980 |
need for assistance with functional abilities |
Physical capacity consists of 7 sub‐categories. Higher scores indicate more disability. |
Lyketsos 2003 |
| Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study ‐ Activities of Daily Living Scale |
ADCS‐ADL |
Galasko 1997 |
functional ability |
Informant‐based, last 4 weeks. Higher score indicates better performance. |
Weintraub 2010 |
| Functional Independence Measure |
FIM |
Granger 1986 |
need for assistance with functional abilities |
18 items on self‐care, sphincter control, mobility, locomotion, communication, social cognition. Higher scores indicate more disability. |
Petracca 1996, Petracca 2001
|
| Older American Resources and Services |
OARS‐ADL |
Pfeiffer 1975 |
functional ability |
An 14‐item assessment for physical function, including bathing, dressing, grooming, and continence, relying on self report. Higher scores indicate better functioning. |
Reifler 1989 |
| Seoul‐Instrumental Activities of Daily Living |
SIADL |
Ku 2004 |
instrumental everyday activities |
A 15‐item instrument to assess complex functions of daily living, with a total score from 0 to 45. Higher scores reflect worse function. |
An 2017 |
